Fetal Spine And Musuloskeletal System

Question 1

The arrow is pointing to the

Answer 1

Centra ossification center

Question 2

The arrowheads are pointing to the

Answer 2

Laminae

Question 3

Laminae are normally angled ____

Answer 3

Inward

Question 4

OPEN spina bifida

Answer 4

Spina bifida aperta

Question 5

CLOSED/hidden spina bifida

Answer 5

Spina bifida occulta

Question 6

Most common form of spina bifida

Answer 6

Aperta

Question 7

Spina bifida that only contains spinal cord

Answer 7

Myelocele

Question 8

Condition in which the Cisterna magna is obliterated

Answer 8

Chiari 2

Question 9

This image demonstrates

Answer 9

Splaying if the laminae, consistent with spina bifida

Question 10

Spine is abnormally cured LATERALLY

Answer 10

Scoliosis

Question 11

Spine is abnormally curved POSTERIORLY

Answer 11

Kyphosis

Question 12

Limb-body wall complex aka

Answer 12

Body stalk anomaly

Short umbilical cord syndrome

Question 13

Most common sonographic findings of limb-body wall complex

Answer 13

• Short or absent umbilical cord
• encephalocele
• exencephaly

Question 14

Most common NONLETHAL skeletal dysplasia

Answer 14

Heterozygous achondroplasia

Question 15

Proximal portions of limbs(femur, humerus) are short

Answer 15

Rhizomelia

Question 16

• rhizomelia
• frontal bossing
• trident hand

Answer 16

achondroplasia

Question 17

What is this image of? What is this a sign of?

Answer 17

Trident hand— Achondroplasia

Question 18

• Absent mineralization of bones
• narrow chest and distended abdomen
• shortened limbs
• polyhydramnios

Answer 18

Achondrogenesis

Question 19

Osteogenesis imperfecta aka

Answer 19

Brittle bone disease

Question 20

How many types of osteogenesis imperfecta are there?

Answer 20

4 types

Question 21

Which type of osteogenesis imperfecta is the most severe?

Answer 21

Type 2

Question 22

• multiple fractures
• skull compresses upon pressure from transducer
• bell-shaped chest

Answer 22

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Question 23

Most common lethal skeletal dysplasia

Answer 23

Thanatophoric dysplasia

Question 24

Cloverleaf skull shape is associated with

Answer 24

Thanatophoric

Question 25

What sign is this? What is it associated with?

Answer 25

Cloverleaf skull, Thanatophoric dysplasia

Question 26

- shortened and bowed long bones - hydrocephalus - frontal bossing - cloverleaf skull

Answer 26

Thanatophoric

Question 27

Caudal regression syndrome aka

Answer 27

Sacral agenesis

Question 28

Caudal regression syndrome has a strong association with

Answer 28

Uncontrolled maternal diabetes

Question 29

Sirenomelia aka

Answer 29

Mermaid syndrome

Question 30

- Fusion of the lower extremities - bilateral renal agenesis - Oligohydramnios - uncontrolled maternal diabetes

Answer 30

Sirenomelia

Question 31

Most common congenital neoplasm

Answer 31

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Question 32

Answer 32

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Question 33

Shortening of a limb is identified when they measure:

Answer 33

More than 4 standard deviations below the norm for gestational age

Question 34

Absence or underdevelopment of the radius

Answer 34

Radial ray defect

Question 35

Clubfoot aka

Answer 35

Talipes equinovarus

Question 36

Answer 36

Club foot

Question 37

What is the arrow pointing to

Answer 37

Amniotic band

Question 38

Four most common skeletal dysplasia’s

Answer 38

Achondroplasia Achondrogenesis Osteogenesis imperfecta Thanatophoric

Question 39

Small frontal horns and enlarged occipital horns

Answer 39

Colpocephaly