Heart

Question 1

Heart rate should be obtainable in transvaginal ultrasound when CRL measures

Answer 1

4-5 mm

Question 2

The apex of the heart points to the

Answer 2

Left

Question 3

The apex forms a ____ degree angle with the fetal spine

Answer 3

45 degree angle

Question 4

The chamber closest to the fetal spine is the

Answer 4

Left atrium

Question 5

The moderator band is located in the

Answer 5

Right ventricle

Question 6

The mitral valve is located

Answer 6

Between the left ventricle and left atrium

Question 7

The tricuspid valve is located

Answer 7

Between the right ventricle and right atrium

Question 8

Blood is shunted from the umbilical vein directly to the IVC via the

Answer 8

Ductus venosus

Question 9

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> _____?

Answer 9

Right atrium

Question 10

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> _____?

Answer 10

Foramen ovale

Question 11

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—>____

Answer 11

Left atrium

Question 12

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—> Left Atrium—> ____

Answer 12

Left ventricle

Question 13

In fetal circulation, blood goes from the umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> foramen ovale—> Left Atrium—> Left Ventricle —> ____

Answer 13

Ascending aorta

Question 14

If fetal circulation doesn’t go through the foramen ovale, but enters into the right ventricle, then where does it go?

umbilical vein—>ductus venosus—> IVC—> right atrium—> right ventricle—> ____

Answer 14

Pulmonary artery and into the Ductus arteriosis

Question 15

Ductus arteriosis is located:

Answer 15

Connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta

Question 16

In the foramen ovale, blood moves from ____ to _____

Answer 16

Right to left atrium

Question 17

Leading cause of cardiac death in neonatal period

Answer 17

Hypoplastic left heart

Question 18

Hypoplastic left heart is associated with what chromosomal abnormalities

Answer 18

Turners, trisomy 18

Question 19

Hypoplastic right heart often results from

Answer 19

Pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary atresia

Question 20

“Long axis view”

Answer 20

LVOT

Question 21

LVOT shows what abnormality

Answer 21

VSD

Question 22

“short axis view”

Answer 22

RVOT

Question 23

Most common form of cardiac defect

Answer 23

Ventricular Septal Defect(VSD)

Question 24

Combination of atrial and ventricular septal defects—

Answer 24

Atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD)

Question 25

Central portion of the heart is termed ___

Answer 25

Endocardia cushion

Question 26

AVSD aka

Answer 26

Endocardia cushion defect

Question 27

AVSD is associated with what chromosomal abnormalities

Answer 27

Aneuploidy, trisomy 21 and 18

Question 28

Malformation or malposition of the tricuspid valve

Answer 28

Ebstein anomaly

Question 29

What anomaly is this

Answer 29

Ebstein anomaly

Question 30

Narrowing of the aortic arch

Answer 30

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 31

Most common location of coarctation of the aorta

Answer 31

Between the left Subclavian artery and ductus arteriosis

Question 32

- Narrowing of aortic arch - right ventricle enlargement - pulmonary artery enlargement

Answer 32

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 33

- Overriding aortic root - VSD - pulmonary stenosis - right ventricle hypertrophy

Answer 33

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 34

Outflow tracts are reversed

Answer 34

Transposition of the Great Vessels

Question 35

Answer 35

Transposition of the great vessels

Question 36

Aorta normally arises from the ____

Answer 36

Left ventricle

Question 37

Pulmonary artery normally arises from the ___

Answer 37

Right ventricle

Question 38

Echogenic intracardiac focus is most often seen within the ____

Answer 38

Left ventricle

Question 39

Echogenic intracardiac focus (EIF) May be linked with ___

Answer 39

Trisomy 21

Question 40

The most common fetal cardiac tumor

Answer 40

Rhabdomyoma

Question 41

Rhabdomyoma are associated with ______

Answer 41

Tuberous sclerosis

Question 42

Answer 42

Rhabdomyoma

Question 43

Heart is partially or completely outside the chest

Answer 43

Ectopic cordis

Question 44

Group of anomalies including: - omphalocele - ectopic cordis - cleft sternum - anterior diaphragmatic defect - pericardial defects

Answer 44

Pentalogy of Cantrell

Question 45

Blood flows from the ductus arteriosis into the:

Answer 45

Descending Aorta