FINAL

Question 1

anything that is disease- causing.

Answer 1

pathogen

Question 2

a discipline dealing with the biology of animal parasites, ecology of parasitism with emphasis on parasite–host and parasite–environmental interactions

Answer 2

parasitology

Question 3

restricted in studying those parasites that are of importance in medicine

Answer 3

Human Parasitology or Medical Parasitology

Question 4

study of protozoans

Answer 4

protozoology

Question 5

study of helminths

Answer 5

helminthology

Question 6

study of insects (arthropods)

Answer 6

entomology

Question 7

a relationship in which one of the participants, the parasite, either harms its host (the part that got harmed) or in some sense lives at the expense of the host.

Answer 7

parasitism

Question 8

the partner lives in or on another from which it gains benefit, always smaller, is the parasite which to some degree injures its partner

Answer 8

parasite

Question 9

are invertebrates that cannot live independently and should depend upon others to maintain their lives (live at the expense of others).

Answer 9

animal parasites

Question 10

endoparasite/ectoparasite

Answer 10

residing site

Question 11

obligatory/facultative; accidental
or opportunistic

Answer 11

ecology

Question 12

permanent/intermittent

Answer 12

duration of parasitism

Question 13

organism that does not absolutely depend on the parasitic way of life but is capable of adapting to it if placed in such a relationship.

Answer 13

facultative parasite

Question 14

organism that is completely dependent on the host during a segment or all of its life cycle.

Answer 14

obligatory parasite

Question 15

parasites that live within the body of their host (intestinal tract, liver, etc.)

Answer 15

endoparasite

Question 16

parasites that are attached to the outer surfaces of their hosts

Answer 16

ectoparasite

Question 17

the partners which provide the food and shelter for parasites, and to some degree are injured by this association

Answer 17

host

Question 18

host in which the parasite undergoes larval development but does not reach sexual maturity, parasites often can undergo asexual reproduction in this type of host

Answer 18

intermediate host

Question 19

host in which the parasite become sexually mature (where the adult worm harbor or undergoing sexual reproduction)

Answer 19

definitive host

Question 20

referred to those animals that harbor an infection that can be transmitted to humans.

Answer 20

reservoir host

Question 21

a disease of animals that may be transmitted to humans under natural conditions.

Answer 21

zoonosis

Question 22

when parasite enters the body of an abnormal host and not undergo any development but continues to stay alive and be infective to the normal host. The host is called the transport host.

Answer 22

transport/paratenic/transfer host

Question 23

persons who are considered to have reduced resistance to illness

Answer 23

immune compromised host

Question 24

any infection not normally cause disease in human

occurs in persons with abnormally functioning immune systems (as AIDS patients or transplant patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs)

Answer 24

opportunistic parasitic infection

Question 25

parasite infections may be carried from one host to another by means of arthropod vectors.

Answer 25

vector

Question 26

may also be a host if development of the parasite takes place with its body. (If the arthropod is simply an instrument of passive transfer, we refer to it as a mechanical vector).

Answer 26

vectors

Question 27

described the ontogenesis, development and reproduction of the parasite, tracking it through the various phases of its life history which will encompass both parasitic and non-parasitic stages

Answer 27

life cycle

Question 28

The key to understanding the transmission of a parasite species and parasitic disease

Answer 28

life cycle

Question 29

is one in which there is only one host where the parasite often spends most of its life, usually as an adult, and where it reproduces.

Answer 29

simple or direct life cycle

Question 30

parasites with more complex cycles which include 2 or more hosts.

Answer 30

indirect life cycle

Question 31

Sucking with ingestion of blood

Answer 31

ancylostoma

Question 32

Ingestion of lysed tissues and blood

Answer 32

trichuris

Question 33

Feeding on the intestinal contents

Answer 33

ascaris

Question 34

Ingestion of nourishment from the body fluids

Answer 34

filarial worms

Question 35

Common saying “round worm of man”

Answer 35

ascaris lumbricoides

Question 36

The largest of the intestinal nematodes parasitizing humans.

Answer 36

ascaris lumbricoides

Question 37

The most common worm found in human.

Answer 37

ascaris lumbricoides

Question 38

It is worldwide in distribution and most prevalent throughout the tropics, subtropics and more prevalent in countryside than in city.

Answer 38

ascaris lumbricoides

Question 39

Predominant species in the Western Hemisphere and equatorial Africa (South China)

Answer 39

necator americanus

Question 40

Prevalent in Southern Europe, North Africa, Northern Asia (North China), and the more pathogenic one.

Answer 40

ancylostoma duodenale

Question 41

Heavy infection if hookworms may evoke anemia known as

Answer 41

yellow laziness

Question 42

feeds on blood and Contains buccal capsule to ingest or suck blood from the host.

Answer 42

hookworms

Question 43

Long and segmented parasites Size varies from 1mm to several meters.

Answer 43

tapeworms (cestodes)

Question 44

three parts of a tapeworm

Answer 44

scolex, neck, proglottids

Question 45

Leaf-shaped parasites Size varies from 1mm to 10cm

Answer 45

Flukes (trematodes)

Question 46

Most are hermaphroditic, except Schistosomes ❖ Common in bodies of water

Answer 46

flukes (trematodes)

Question 47

Single-celled microorganisms

Answer 47

protozoans

Question 48

two major important stages of life or protozoans

Answer 48

trophozoite cyst

Question 49

active, free- swimming state of protozoan

Answer 49

trophozoite

Question 50

dormant phase. In most cases, this is the infective stage.

Answer 50

cyst

Question 51

Cyst to Trophozoite

Answer 51

excystation

Question 52

Trophozoite to Cyst

Answer 52

encystment

Question 53

Protozoans are classified by the way they move:

Answer 53

amoeba (sarcodina) flagellates (mastigophora) ciliates (ciliophora) sporozoans (apicomplexa)

Question 54

The largest phylum of protozoans (11,500 living species) Most are free-living; others are parasitic.

Answer 54

sarcodina

Question 55

It comprises the amoebas and related organisms (those that capture food using pseudopods)

Answer 55

sarcodina

Question 56

the causative organism of amebic dysentery (amoebiasis).

Answer 56

entamoeba histolytica

Question 57

the etiology of amoebic keratitis and encephalitis by entering cuts or through the nares and spreading to the central nervous system. Common in stagnant bodies of water (lakes, ponds).

Answer 57

acanthamoeba

Question 58

causes giardiasis or the infection of small intestine

Answer 58

giardia lamblia

Question 59

is spread via the fecal- oral route, most commonly by eating food contaminated by the unwashed hands of an infected person or by drinking groundwater polluted by the feces of infected animals such as dogs and beavers ( hence the name beaver fever).

Answer 59

giardiasis

Question 60

One of the signs of Giardiasis:

Answer 60

fats in the stool

Question 61

only parasite that causes STD.

Answer 61

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 62

causes trichomoniasis and is passed almost 100% of the time through sexual contact.

Answer 62

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 63

is primarily an infection of women’s vaginal and urinary tract. - A woman is most susceptible to infection just after having completed her menstrual period.

Answer 63

Trichomoniasis

Question 64

African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 64

trypanosoma brucei

Question 65

Vector present in african SS

Answer 65

tsetse fly

Question 66

West African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 66

T. brucei gambiense

Question 67

East African Sleeping Sickness

Answer 67

T. brucei rhodesiense

Question 68

American Sleeping Sickness

Answer 68

Trypanosoma cruzi

Question 69

Vector present in American SS

Answer 69

kissing bug / triatomine

Question 70

Protozoans which possess a unique organelle called apicoplast and an apical complex.

Answer 70

apicomplexa

Question 71

Non-motile; rely on the fluid structure of the body for movement.

Answer 71

apicomplexa

Question 72

parasite that causes Malaria

Answer 72

plasmodium (vivax, malariae, falciparum, ovale)

Question 73

a vector-borne infectious disease caused by a eukaryotic protist of the genus plasmodium. it is endemic in palawan

Answer 73

malaria

Question 74

widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of the Americas, Asia, and Africa.

Answer 74

Malaria

Question 75

humans as intermediate host asexual

Answer 75

schizogony

Question 76

anopheles as definitive host sexual

Answer 76

sporogony

Question 77

causes an infection called toxoplasmosis.

Answer 77

toxoplasma gondii

Question 78

a parasitic disease that infects most genera of warm-blooded animals, including humans, but the primary host is the felid family.

Answer 78

toxoplasmosis

Question 79

are major reservoir of toxoplasmosis.

Answer 79

cats