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MICROPARA > LESSON 1 > Flashcards

LESSON 1 Flashcards

1
Q

From the Greek words “mikros”, “bios”, and “logia” or “logos”

A

MICROBIOLOGY

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2
Q

The study of organisms that are so small they cannot be seen with the naked eye

A

MICROBIOLOGY

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3
Q

Microorganisms or microbes are categorized into

A

ACELLULAR INFECTIOUS AGENTS
CELLULAR MICROORGANISMS

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4
Q

Examples of Acellular

A

Prions
Viruses

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5
Q

Examples of Cellular

A

PROKARYOTES
Archaea
Bacteria
EUKARYOTES
Algae
Fungi
Protozoa

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6
Q

The study of bacteria

A

BACTERIOLOGY

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7
Q

The study of viruses

A

VIROLOGY

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8
Q

The study of fungi

A

MYCOLOGY

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9
Q

The study of protozoa and parasitic worms

A

PARASITOLOGY

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10
Q

The study of algae

A

PHYCOLOGY

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11
Q

The study of the immune system and the immune response

A

IMMUNOLOGY

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12
Q

a thousand or more species of microorganisms that inhabit the human body which only produce disease in persons with compromised immune systems

A

NORMAL FLORA (INDIGENOUS FLORA)

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13
Q

sources of antimicrobial agents.

A

BACTERIA AND FUNGI

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14
Q

Some microorganisms act as

A

SAPROPHYTES OR DECOMPOSERS

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15
Q

who established nomenclature in 1735

A

Carolus Linnaeus

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16
Q

was the language traditionally used by scholars.

A

LATIN

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17
Q

Microorganisms are normally known by two names:

A

GENUS (GENERA)
SPECIFIC EPITHET (species name)

18
Q

Scientific names can , among other things,

A

DESCRIBE AN ORGANISM
HONOR A RESEARCHER
IDENTIFY THE HABITAT OF THE SPECIE
IDENTIFY ITS USE

19
Q

Father of Cytology
• Discovered the cell and described it as “little boxes”

A

ROBERT HOOKE

20
Q

all living things are composed of cells.

A

THE CELL THEORY

21
Q

Hooke’s 1665 book that contained descriptions of plant cells

A

MICROGRAPHIA

22
Q

Dutch merchant and an amateur scientist
Created the single lens microscope

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

23
Q

Leeuwenhoek titles

A

FATHER OF MICROSCOPY
FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY

24
Q

The first to actually observe live microorganisms which he called animalcules

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

25
Q

Disproved the theory of Spontaneous Generation (abiogenesis) and proved that only preexisting microbes could give rise to other microbes (biogenesis)

A

LOUIS PASTEUR

26
Q

What did Louis Pasteur develop

A

THE PROCESS OF PASTEURIZATION AND FERMENTATION

27
Q

German biologist
Classification of bacteria into four
groups based on shape (sphericals, short rods, threads, and spirals).

A

FERDINAND JULIUS COHN

28
Q

German physician
Father of Microbiological
Techniques

A

ROBERT KOCH

29
Q

Defined the procedure (Koch’s
postulates) for proving that a specific organism causes a specific disease.

A

ROBERT KOCH

30
Q

What did Koch discover

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Vibrio Cholerae
Bacillus anthracis

31
Q

Father of Immunology
Discovered the first vaccine
(from the Latin word vacca, meaning cow) for smallpox.

A

EDWARD JENNER

32
Q

Father of Antiseptic Surgery
He found a way to prevent infection in wounds
during and after surgery.

A

JOSEPH LISTER

33
Q

He introduced weak carbolic
hand washes for surgical staff and carbolic acid baths for the instruments

A

JOSEPH LISTER

34
Q

The basis of modern infection control.

A

LISTER’S ANTISEPSIS SYSTEM

35
Q

Father of Chemotherapy
Discovered Salvarsan for the treatment of syphilis (disease
that was then endemic,
incurable, and often deadly)

A

PAUL EHRLICH

36
Q

treatment of disease by using chemical substances

A

CHEMOTHERAPY

37
Q

also known as the “magic bullet”

It became the most widely prescribed drug in the world, first blockbuster drug and remained the most effective drug for syphilis until penicillin became available

A

SALVARSAN

38
Q

Discovered Penicillin from Penicillium notatum

A

ALEXANDER FLEMING

39
Q

Began the era of antibiotics

A

INTRODUCTION OF PENICILLIN IN 1940s

40
Q

Discovered on September 3, 1928 but was introduced as treatment by Howard Florey and Ernst Chain

A

PENICILLIN

41
Q

Hungarian physician
• Father of Infection Control
• First person to discover and propose
the medical benefits of handwashing

A

IGNAZ SEMMELWEIS

MICROPARA (8 decks)

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