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Final Flashcards

astronomy (83 cards)

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1
Q

What is the Solar System?

A

everything that orbits the sun

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2
Q

What are the inner planets composed of?

A

Rock (they are smaller)

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3
Q

List the inner planets

A

MY VERY EAGER MOTHER
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars

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4
Q

What are the outer planets composed of?

A

Gas (giants)
they are the bigger planets

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5
Q

list the outer planets

A

JUST SERVED US NOODLES
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

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6
Q

What is the rotation time for mars?

A

24 1/2 hours

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7
Q

What is the rotation time for Jupiter?

A

10 hours

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8
Q

How does Uranus rotate?

A

ON ITS SIDE

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9
Q

1 day on _____ is longer than its year?

A

Venus

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10
Q

How many earth days does it take Venus to rotate?

A

243

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11
Q

How many earth days does it take Venus to orbit?

A

225

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12
Q

What is a comet?

A

Described as a dirty snowball (ice and dust)

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13
Q

What is Solar Wind?

A

It is a flow of ions flowing from the sun

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14
Q

How can solar wind effect a comet?

A

It causes the tail of comet to flow back away from the sun

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15
Q

What is an oort cloud?

A

Chunks of ice. Where the comets live.

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16
Q

What is a meteoroid?

A

Rock fragments in space

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17
Q

What is a meteor?

A

“Shooting Star”
-a rock or grain of sand entering our atmosphere.

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18
Q

What is a meteorite?

A

A rock fragment that strikes the earth

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19
Q

What is mercury?

A

It is the smallest planet closest to the sun
NO ATOMOSPHERE
NO MOONS

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20
Q

What is Venus?

atmosphere?
temp?
size?
rotation direction?
sister planet?
moons?
wind speed?

A

-2nd planet closest to the sun—- brightest planet closest to us.
-earths sister planet
-350 km winds
-NO MOONS
-has a and evening star
-Atmosphere = CARBON DIOXIDE
-HOTTEST AVERAGE TEMP
-Rotates counterclockwise

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21
Q

how do all planets except Venus rotate?

A

CLOCKWISE
Venus rotates counterclockwise

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22
Q

What is Mars known as?
WHY IS THIS?

A

THE RED PLANET
-the iron in the soil causes red color

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23
Q

What is Mars?
surface conditions?
moons?

A

-4th planet from the sun
-2 moons PHOBOS & DEIMOS
-has north and south pole
-has largest volcano
strong winds
polar caps

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24
Q

Who is Percival Lowell?

A

He left money to find the planet Pluto
He drew false maps of mars that included canals and Martians

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25
What is Ceres?
Largest asteroid/ Dwarf Planet about the size of Texas
25
Where is the asteroid belt?
Between Mars and Jupiter
26
What is Jupiter? surface conditions? moons?
-5th planet from the sun -1300 times bigger than earth -LARGEST PLANET -atmosphere=mostly -hydrogen and helium -has a great red spot (like swirling hurricane) -Has 4 moons
27
What are the 4 moons of Jupiter? describe them
1. IO- active volcanoes-colorful- 2. Europa- covered with ice- Hot core 3. Ganymede- largest moon in solar system 4. Callisto- most heavily cratered moon in solar system,
28
who discovered the 4 moons of Jupiter
GALILEO
29
What is the largest moon in the solar system?
Ganymede
30
What is Saturn? how many moons which is the largest what is it known for?
-6th planet from the sun -"the ringed planet" -lots of moons, but the largest is TITIAN
31
Describe Saturn's largest moon? name of it? atmosphere?
It is called TITAIN it has an atmosphere has hydrocarbon lakes
32
What is Uranus?
-7th planet from the sun -NO ROCK -consists chiefly of hydrogen and helium
33
What is Neptune? how many moons? what is the most known moon? atomosphere?
-8th planet from the sun -"wizards eye" has a swirling dark spot -has 14 moons TRITION being the most known
34
What is triton?
-A moon of Neptune -Large moon -has ice volcanoes that erupt.
35
What is the Kuiper Belt? what are some of its objects?
The Kuiper Belt is a large region out past Neptune's orbit It contains rock and ice chunks -Such as Pluto
36
What is Pluto?
DWARF PLANET located in the Kuiper Belt 3 MOONS
37
What is the largest moon of Pluto?
CHARON
38
What is the largest dwarf planet?
ERIS
39
How did Pluto get knocked out of being a planet in 2006?
-Eris (largest dwarf planet) was discovered -It was bigger than Pluto so it was decided that Pluto could not be considered a planet
40
What is MakeMake?
A dwarf planet almost the size of Pluto
41
What is Haumea?
A dwarf planet
42
Face of the moon?
The moon rotates on its axis at the same rate that it orbits the earth WE ALWAYS SEE THE SAME FACE
43
what is the Crecent moon shape?
You will see a banana slice
44
What is the quarter moon shape?
you will see half of the face
45
What is the Gibbous moon?
nearly full moon----between quarter and full
46
What is the maria?
The dark areas of the moon, ancient lava flows that have broken up by meteoroid bombardment, seas
47
What is the sun? what does it do?
average ordinary star -produces it on light
48
what is the size of the sun?
over 1 million times larger than the earth
49
what is the distance of the sun from the earth?
93,000,000
50
what is the temp. at the surface of the sun?
6,000
51
how many parts of the sun are there?
7
52
What is the photosphere? temperature?
surface of the sun 6000K
53
what is the corona? temperature?
glowing gas cloud only visible during an eclipse, halo 1 million K
54
What is solar wind?
it extends out past the planets
55
How hot is the core of the sun?
15 million kelvin
56
What is the sun spot cycle length?
11 years
57
what is the sun spot temperature?
cooler than surroundings 4500K instead of 6000K
58
where does the sun rotate faster?
at the equator
59
where does the solar energy reaction come from?
conversion of hydrogen to helium
60
What is the temperature inside the sun?
14 million Kelvin
61
what is a light year?
-distance light travels in a year.
62
what is the speed of light?
186,000
63
What is Proxima Centauri?
CLOSEST STAR TO EARTH 4 light years away from earth
64
what is the Red giant?
Large stars with cooler surfaces MASSIVE
65
What is main sequence?
middle ages star OUR SUN
66
what is a white dwarf?
about the size of earth --- hotter
67
what is the next phase of the sun?
red giant
68
Can a heavy star become a supernova?
YES
69
what is a supernova?
exploded star
70
what is a neutron star?
remnant after a supernova explosion, small in size
71
what is a pulsar?
spinning neutron star
72
What is a BLACK HOLE?
burned out star after a supernova explosion- gravity so strong light cannot escape it
73
What is a galaxy?
island groups of stars (200 billion galaxies
74
What is Milky Way?
galaxy which our sun belongs to
75
What is the center in a galaxy
massive black hole
76
Numbers of arms in the milky way?
4 main arms that spiral out
77
distance across the milky way?
130,000 light years across, shaped like a fried egg
78
Number of stars in the milky way?
200 billion
79
when does a galaxy rotate?
galaxy rotates every 240 million years
80
what is a nebula
gas and dust cloud
81
local group
3 dozen in our neighborhood
82
What is Andromeda?
largest galaxy in our local group

Gps 1214 (2 decks)

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