Final--Equine Material Flashcards
(45 cards)
Concerning fractures of the second phalanx
1) what are they commonly called
2) what diagnostic modality is contraindicated and why
1) icebag fractures
2) nerve block–would cause horse to use leg and further displace fx
Differentiate high ring bone from low ring bone.
Which is more common?
High ringbone= pastern joint MORE COMMON
low ring bone= coffin joint
How do subluxation and luxation vary? Name a common scenario for how each could occur.
subluxation–displacement is dorsal or ventral; foals jumping from vans
luxation–displacement is medial or lateral; horse tears collateral ligaments when stuck in cattle guard
Concerning longitudinal fractures of P1 (proximal phalanx):
1) where do they usually originate
2) most important part of repair
1) begin at fetlock (extend distally)
2) restoring alignment at joint surface
Most common location for dorsal chip fx on P1 (proximal phalanx)?
proximal articular margin
Which type of P1 fracture is assoc. with young standardbreds (<4yr) & is commonly bilateral
Avulsion fractures of caudal-proximal p1
General term that means enlargement of fetlock
Osslets
Concerning osslets:
1) what does green osslets mean?
2) what is the most common assoc. etiology?
green osslets= radiographic changes of the joint are not present
most commonly due to excessive work at early age
Which intraarticular steroid is indicated for use in high motion joints
Betamethasone
What are the 6 types of sesamoid fractures? Which types carry the best prognosis? Worst?
Apical** Body^ Basilar** Axial Abaxial Comminuted^
**= best prognosis ^= worst prognosis
Most common location of OCD in in fetlock
dorsal sagittal ridge
T/F: There will always be associated lameness if you find an OCD lesion on the dorsal sagittal ridge of fetlock
False
radiographic lesions don’t always correspond to lameness
Proliferation of the synovial membrane on the _____ aspect of the fetlock joint is termed __________?
It’s associated with what type of movement of the fetlock?
dorsal;
chronic proliferative synovitis
Assoc. with chronic/repeated overextension
How can oxytetracycline be used to treat congenital fetlock flexure deformities in foals?
it binds Ca in the muscles–> causes them to relax
What two age groups do acquired fetlock flexural deformities develop? How do the ligaments & physes involved and outcomes differ?
5 months–> involves DDF tendon and rapid growth of distal cannon bone; CLUB FOOT
6-18months–> involves SDF and rapid growth of distal radius; fetlock knuckling
How do thoroughbreds and standardbreds differ in the location of condylar fractures? (cannon bone)
TB–metaCARPUS
SB–metaTARSUS
Most common type of cannon bone condylar fracture?
Type 3–complete, displaced
*usually proximally displaced
Bucked shins are more common in what type of scenario and in which leg(s)
young horses being overworked (first season of training);
More common in FL (usually bilateral–inside leg is worse)
What is osteostixis and for which condition is it a plausible treatment?
when you drill holes into bone cortex to stimulate healing
*used for bucked shins
The best treatment for splint exostosis is?
Rest
Inflammation and disruption of the suspensory ligament is termed?
What is most common location for it to occur?
Suspensory desmitis
proximal to sesamoids
Laceration of ____ tendons is more severe
flexor tendon laceration is more severe than extensor tendon lacerations
Describe the different scenarios you might see with flexor tendon lacerations
If DDF—toe up, fetlock slightly dropped
if SDF– toe normal; fetlock drops when weightbearing
if SDF & DDF– toe up; fetlock on or near ground
If SDF, DDF, & suspensory– Toe up, fetlock on ground
Laceration of the EXTENSOR tendons is more common in which limb?
Rear (MT III)
*long digital extensor
