Final Exam Flashcards
1
Q
The body ability to maintain internal balance or constancy . Usually controlled by negative feedback.
A
Homeostasis
2
Q
A chemical substance capable of releasing a hydrogen ion when dissolved in water.
A
Acid
3
Q
A chemical substance that can accept a hydrogen ion.
A
Base
4
Q
Example of a strong acid
A
Stomach secretions , urine, gastric juice, saliva
5
Q
What is carried by hemoglobin?
A
Oxygen
6
Q
Gas exchange takes place within these small sacs
A
Alveoli
7
Q
What is the long tube in the digestive system?
A
Esophagus
8
Q
The longest part of the digestive system is the
A
Small intestine
9
Q
What hormone is in the posterior pituitary and affects the kidneys
A
ADH
10
Q
Thickening of uterus is caused by what hormone
A
Estrogen
11
Q
What is the largest vein?
A
Inferior vena cava
12
Q
Type of digestive protein
A
Pepsin
13
Q
The adrenel is composed of?
A
Cortisol
14
Q
Another word for larynx
A
Voice box
15
Q
Another word for pharynx
A
Throat
16
Q
Blood flows away from the heart
A
Artery
17
Q
What hormone stimulates ovaries to release estrogen and progesterone?
A
HCG ; Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
18
Q
Oxytocin is produced in
A
Posterior pituitary
19
Q
Stress hormone:
A
Cortisol
20
Q
Receives blood
A
Atrium
21
Q
Gives blood
A
Ventricles
22
Q
Carries blood to the heart
A
Veins
23
Q
Which side of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood?
A
Right side
24
Q
Right atrium- Right ventricle-
A
25
Actin and myosin forms
Cross-bridges
26
Body in balanced internal state
Homeostasis
27
Involuntary =Automonomic
28
Relay information in the central nervous system ?
Interneuron
29
Beginning of stimulus to response
Receptors
30
Complete pathway in the nervous system
Reflex arc
31
How many cranial nerves?
12
32
Trace mineral= small current
33
Part that attaches to moving bone
Insertion
34
Layers of skin:
1.Epidermis 2. Dermis 3.Hypodermis/Subcutaneous
35
Strong acid
2
36
Weak base
8
37
Muscles to bone
Tendon
38
4 body tissues:
Epithelial, muscle, connective , nervous
39
Pigment color
Melanin
40
How many bones in the human body
206 Bones
41
Bone building
Osteoblast
42
Gonads
Ovaries & testes
43
What is the endocrine system function?
Secretion of chemicals
44
Kidney to bladder is connected by the
Urethers
45
Makes chemicals that are produced by target tissues
Hormones
46
Larynx consist of
Vocal cord/ glottis
47
Subaceous
Oil glands
48
Part of kidney filters
Nephron
49
The urinary bladder
Release and stores
50
The Voluntary skeletal muscle sphincter that controls the flow of urine
External urethra sphincter
51
Superior heart chambers :
Atria
52
The function of the Respiratory system?
Sound production, smell, gas exchange, and homeostasis
53
Trachea=
Windpipe
54
Tonsils =
Oral cavity/pharynx
55
Chemical -cells- tissue-organ- organ system- organism
56
The fluid contain within cells
Intercellular fluid
57
The fluid outside the cells
Extracellular fluid
58
Control center of cell
Nucleus
59
The basic unit of life
Cells
60
Largest organelle near the center of the cell
Nucleus
61
Short hairlike projections that move fluids around the cell
Cilia
62
Long whiplike extensions that move the cell
Flagellum
63
Large organelles with internal folded membranes
Mitochondria
64
movement of molecules from a area of high concentration to a area of low concentration
Diffusion
65
Movement of water from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Osmosis
66
Passage of water and dissolved molecules through a membrane down a pressure gradient from an area of high pressure to low pressure
Filtration
67
Type of cartilage that connect to the sternum
Hyaline
68
Skeletal
Muscle to bone
69
Lymphocytes
White blood cells
70
Lymph nodes contain :
White blood cells, interstitial fluid, lymph fluid, & plasma
71
Tonsils are located in the
Oral cavity
72
Holds skin to underlying tissue and stores fat
Hypodermis
73
Sudoriferous
Sweat glands
74
Apocrine (Sweat gland)
Axillary and genital areas
75
Eccrine( sweat gland)
Ducts lead to pores at the skins surface
76
Determines skin color
Melanin
77
Sebum darkens when exposed to oxygen
Blackheads
78
Clogged with sebum but remains closed
Whiteheads
79
An expandable sac
Bladder
80
Involuntary smooth muscle sphincter
Internal sphincter
81
Thin walled tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body by peristalsis
Urethra
82
Propel live sperm into the urethra
Vas deferens
83
Life substation reactions occurs in the body
Metabolism
84
Regulates menstual
Estrogen and progesterone
85
The left atrium receives
Oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins
86
Blood flows through
Right atrium
87
Blood flows through
Right atrium - Right ventricle-left atrium- left ventricle
88
Septum located between the atria
Interatrial
89
Main part of muscle
Belly
90
Main respiratory muscle
Diaphragm
91
Main impulse conducting cell
Neuron
92
Voluntary control of movements
Somatic nervous system
93
Produces primary amounts of movement
Agonist
94
2 proteins that block muscle contraction
Tropmysin and troponin
95
Main function of the cardiovascular system
Circulation
96
Lymphatic system and nervous system work closely together
97
Lower levels of sugar in the blood
Insulin
98
Labor hormone
Oxytoxin
99
2 main airways
Nose and mouth
100
Air conditioning chambers
Nasal cavity
101
Glands that contribute to semen
Bulb
102
What is the Order of large intestine?
Ascending-Transverse-Descending
103
All chemicals working together
Metabolism
104
Center of abdomen
Umbilical
105
Bunch of cells
Tissue
106
True skin
Dermis
107
3 types of muscle tissue
Cardiac, smooth, skeletal
108
Irregular bones
Vertebrae
109
Contains Bone marrow and cavity
Medullary cavity
110
Where is the fetus located?
Uterus
111
Gonads
Ovaries and testes
112
Cells floating in _____ fluid?
Interstitial
113
All things blood, serves as a reservoir
Spleen
114
Peristalsis
Wave like movement of the muscles that line your gastrointestinal tract
115
Lymph nodes are
Cleaned/ filtered
116
Red bone marrow
All blood
117
The shaft ; composed of compact bone
Diaphysis
118
The ends of the bone; mostly spongy bone
Epiphysis
119
Bones separated by cavity filled with synovial fluid
Synovial joint
120
Types of Cartilage
Hyaline, Fibrocartilage, Elastic
121
Covers bone ends flexible support, reduces friction
Cartilage
122
Joint types
Fibrous - no movement , Cartilaginous- slightly moveable, Synovial
123
Collagen fibers prevents bone to bone contact
Fibrocartilage
124
Produces several hormones
Anterior pituitary
125
Produces hormones made by the hypothalamus
Posterior pituitary
126
Bone to bone
Ligament
127
Muscles contract or shorten pulling on tendons which pull on bones to accomplish movement at the joints
128
Attachment to the immovable bone
Origin
129
Attachment to the movable bone
Insertion
130
Muscle that produces a particular movement “ prime mover”
Agonist
131
Muscle that produces an opposite action
Antagonist
132
Are attached to bones and produce movement at the joints
Skeletal muscle
133
Wall of the heart, lightly striated and pumps blood out of the heart
Cardiac muscle ( involuntary)
134
Wall of hollow organs and vessels
Smooth muscle
135
Muscle contraction process
136
Myofilaments are made up of what two proteins?
Actin and myosin
137
Calcium shifts troponin and tropomyosin so that binding sites on actin are exposed
138
Example of a Long bone
Femur
139
Example of a flat bone
Sternum
140
Example of a irregular bone
Sacrum, vertebrae
141
Example of sesamoid bone
Patella
142
Found at the end of long bones
Spongy bone
143
Trap pathogens entering the throat
Tonsils
144
What glands contribute to semen
Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and Bulbourethral gland
145
Bone marrow and cavities
Red bone marrow
146
What are the small intestine parts?
Duodenum, jejum, ileum
147
What are the large intestine parts?
Cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, and anal canal
