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Pharmacology II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(125 cards)

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1
Q

Betamethasone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory; also used to regulate lung maturation

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2
Q

Cortisone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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3
Q

Dexamethasone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Used to diagnose Cushing syndrome or regulate lung maturation
Anti-inflammatory

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4
Q

Fludrocortisone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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5
Q

Hydrocortisone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Used to treat Addison disease or secondary/tertiary adrenocortical insufficiency
Anti-inflammatory

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6
Q

Methylprednisolone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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7
Q

Prednisolone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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8
Q

Prednisone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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9
Q

Triamcinolone

A

Corticosteroid
Bind to specific intracellular cytoplasmic receptors; Receptor-hormone complex regulates gene transcription
Anti-inflammatory

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10
Q

Eplerenone

A

Aldosterone antagonist; Competes for mineralocorticoid receptor

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11
Q

Ketoconazole

A

Strongly inhibits all gonadal and adrenal steroid hormone synthesis
Used to treat Cushing syndrome

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12
Q

Spironolactone

A

Aldosterone antagonist; Competes for mineralocorticoid receptor

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13
Q

Misoprostol

A

Prostaglandin analogs
Interacts with prostaglandin receptors on parietal cells; reduces gastric acid secretion; stimulates mucous and bicarbonate production
Used to protect mucosal lining of stomach during NSAID treatment or labor induction

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14
Q

Illoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogs

Activates prostacyclin receptors and increases production of cAMP (pulmonary vasodilator)

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15
Q

Latanoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogs
Bind to prostaglandin FP receptors and increase uveoscleral outflow
Causes reduction in IOP
Side effects: blurred vision, increased iris pigmentation, increased eyelashes, eye redness/irritation

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16
Q

Travoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogs
Bind to prostaglandin FP receptors and increase uveoscleral outflow
Causes reduction in IOP
Side effects: blurred vision, increased iris pigmentation, increased eyelashes, eye redness/irritation

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17
Q

Bimatoprost

A

Prostaglandin analogs
Bind to prostaglandin FP receptors and increase uveoscleral outflow
Causes reduction in IOP
Side effects: blurred vision, increased iris pigmentation, increased eyelashes, eye redness/irritation

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18
Q

Aspirin

A

NSAID
Irreversibly inactivates cyclooxygenase
Esterases rapidly break down into salicylate, which has anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic properties

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19
Q

Celecoxib

A

NSAID
Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
Selective for COX-2

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20
Q

Diclofenac

A

NSAID

Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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21
Q

Diflunisal

A

NSAID

Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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22
Q

Etodolac

A

NSAID

Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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23
Q

Meclofenamate

A

NSAID

Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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24
Q

Fenoprofen

A

NSAID

Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis

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25
Flurbiprofen
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
26
Ibuprofen
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
27
Indomethacin
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
28
Ketorolac
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
29
Ketoprofen
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
30
Meloxicam
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
31
Nabumetone
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
32
Naproxen
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
33
Oxaprozin
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
34
Piroxicam
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
35
Sulindac
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
36
Tolmetin
NSAID | Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes; leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis
37
Acetaminophen
Other analgesic Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS (less effective in peripheral tissues) Weak anti-inflammatory activity
38
Adalimumab
Arthritis drug Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor Often given with methotrexate Subcutaneous or IV administration
39
Anakinra
Arthritis drug | IL-1 antagonist
40
Certolizumab
Arthritis drug Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor Often given with methotrexate Subcutaneous or IV administration
41
Chloroquine
Arthritis drug Inhibits phospholipase A2; anti-inflammatory properties Also anti-malarial
42
Etanercept
Arthritis drug Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor Often given with methotrexate Subcutaneous or IV administration
43
Gold salts
Arthritis drug | Taken up by macrophages; suppresses phagocytosis and lysosomal enzyme activity
44
Golimumab
Arthritis drug Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor Often given with methotrexate Subcutaneous or IV administration
45
Inflixamab
Arthritis drug Tumor necrosis factor inhibitor Often given with methotrexate Subcutaneous or IV administration
46
Leflunomide
Arthritis drug | Decreases pyrimidine synthesis in lymphocytes; causes cell arrest
47
Methotrexate
Arthritis drug | Immunosuppressant
48
D-penicillamine
Arthritis drug | Analog of cysteine; slows progression of bone destruction and RA
49
Beclomethasone
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
50
Budensonide
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
51
Ciclesonide
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
52
Flunisolide
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
53
Fluticasone
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
54
Mometasone
Anti-inflammatory drug Corticosteroid; decreases inflammatory cascade and reduces PGE synthesis Reduces hyper responsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of use
55
Cromolyn
Anti-inflammatory drug Mast cell stabilizer; prophylactic anti-inflammatory action by blocking the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells
56
Montelukast
Anti-inflammatory drug | Anti-leukotriene
57
Zafirlukast
Anti-inflammatory drug | Anti-leukotriene
58
Zileuton
Anti-inflammatory drug | Anti-leukotriene; inhibits 5-lipoxygenase, which prevents the formation of leukotrienes
59
Albuterol
Bronchodilator | Short-acting B2 agonist
60
Levalbuterol
Bronchodilator | Short-acting B2 agonist
61
Pirbuterol
Bronchodilator | Short-acting B2 agonist
62
Formoterol
Bronchodilator | Long-acting B2 agonist
63
Indacaterol
Bronchodilator | Long-acting B2 agonist
64
Salmeterol
Bronchodilator | Long-acting B2 agonist
65
Ipratropium
Other bronchodilator | Blocks contraction of airway smooth muscle mediated by vagus nerve via the blockage of Ach receptors
66
Tiotropium
Other bronchodilator | Blocks contraction of airway smooth muscle mediated by vagus nerve via the blockage of Ach receptors
67
Theophylline
Other bronchodilator | Increases cAMP and antagonizes adenosine receptors
68
Omalizumab
Immunoglobin antagonist | Selectively binds to IgE and decreases release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils
69
Codeine
Antitussive | Decreases sensitivity of the cough centers in the CNS to peripheral stimuli
70
Dextromethorphan
Antitussive | Decreases sensitivity of the cough centers in the CNS to peripheral stimuli
71
Benzonatate
Antitussive | Anesthetizes respiratory passage and pleural stretch receptors
72
Guaifenesin
Expectorant Facilitates coughing up of mucus Reduces adhesiveness and surface tension of the respiratory tract secretions
73
Cetirizine
Antihistamine | Block H1 receptor, preventing histamine from binding
74
Diphenhydramine
Antihistamine | Block H1 receptor, preventing histamine from binding
75
Fexofenadine
Antihistamine | Block H1 receptor, preventing histamine from binding
76
Loratadine
Antihistamine | Block H1 receptor, preventing histamine from binding
77
Amoxicillin
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimicrobial agent; kill H. pylori
78
Bismuth compounds
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimicrobial agent; kill H. pylori
79
Clarithromycin
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimicrobial agent; kill H. pylori
80
Metronidazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimicrobial agent; kill H. pylori
81
Tetracycline
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimicrobial agent; kill H. pylori
82
Cimetidine
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers H2 receptor blocker Competitively block the binding of histamine; reduce secretion of gastric acid
83
Famotidine
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers H2 receptor blocker Competitively block the binding of histamine; reduce secretion of gastric acid
84
Nizatidine
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers H2 receptor blocker Competitively block the binding of histamine; reduce secretion of gastric acid
85
Ranitidine
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers H2 receptor blocker Competitively block the binding of histamine; reduce secretion of gastric acid
86
Dexlansoprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
87
Esomeprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
88
Lansoprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
89
Omeprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
90
Pantoprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
91
Rabeprazole
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Proton pump inhibitor
92
Misoprostol
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Prostaglandin E analog; inhibits section of HCl; stimulates secretion of mucus and bicarbonate
93
Dicyclomine
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antimuscarinic agent
94
Aluminum hydroxide
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antacid; reacts with gastric acid to form water and salt; also reduces pepsin activity
95
Calcium carbonate
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antacid; reacts with gastric acid to form water and salt; also reduces pepsin activity
96
Magnesium hydroxide
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antacid; reacts with gastric acid to form water and salt; also reduces pepsin activity
97
Sodium bicarbonate
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers | Antacid; reacts with gastric acid to form water and salt; also reduces pepsin activity
98
Bismuth subsalicylate
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers Mucosal protective agent; microbial actions; inhibits pepsin activity, increases mucous section, coats and protects ulcer crater
99
Sucrafate
Drug used to treat peptic ulcers Mucosal protective agent; forms complex gel with epithelial cells; impairs diffusion of HCL; stimulates prostaglandin secretion
100
Prochlorperazine
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Phenothiazine; blocks dopamine receptors
101
Dolasetron
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | 5-HT3 receptor blocker
102
Granisetron
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | 5-HT3 receptor blocker
103
Ondansetron
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | 5-HT3 receptor blocker
104
Palonosetron
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | 5-HT3 receptor blocker
105
Metoclopramide
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Substituted benzamide; blocks dopamine receptors
106
Droperidol
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Butyrophenone; blocks dopamine receptors
107
Haloperidol
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Butyrophenone; blocks dopamine receptors
108
Alprazolam
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Benzodiazepine; sedative properties
109
Lorazepam
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Benzodiazepine; sedative properties
110
Dexamethasone
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Corticosteroid; blockade of prostaglandins
111
Methylpredisolone
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Corticosteroid; blockade of prostaglandins
112
Aprepitant
Drug used to treat chemotherapy-induced nausea | Substance P/Neurokinin-1 receptor blocker
113
Diphenoxylate + atropine
Drug used to treat diarrhea | Antimotility agent; opioid-like actions in the cut; inhibit acetylcholine release and decrease peristalsis
114
Loperamide
Drug used to treat diarrhea | Antimotility agent; opioid-like actions in the cut; inhibit acetylcholine release and decrease peristalsis
115
Aluminum hydroxide
Drug used to treat diarrhea | Adsorbent; adsorbs intestinal toxins and coats the intestinal mucosa
116
Methylcellulose
Drug used to treat diarrhea | Adsorbent; adsorbs intestinal toxins and coats the intestinal mucosa
117
Bismuth subsalicylate
Drug used to treat diarrhea | Modifies fluid and electrolyte transport
118
Bisacodyl
Drug used to treat constipation | Stimulates the colon; acts directly on colon nerve cells
119
Castor oil
Drug used to treat constipation | Irritates the stomach and initiates peristalsis
120
Senna
Drug used to treat constipation | Stimulates the gut, causing evacuation of bowels and water/electrolyte secretion
121
Methylcellulose
Drug used to treat constipation Bulk laxative; hydrophilic colloids from fruits and vegetables that form gels in the large intestine; cause water retention and intestinal distension; increased peristaltic activity
122
Psyllium
Drug used to treat constipation Bulk laxative; hydrophilic colloids from fruits and vegetables that form gels in the large intestine; cause water retention and intestinal distension; increased peristaltic activity
123
Glycerine suppositories
Drug used to treat constipation | Lubricant laxative
124
Mineral oil
Drug used to treat constipation | Lubricant laxative
125
Lubiprostone
Drug used to treat constipation | Chloride channel activator--increases fluid secretion in the intestinal lumen

Pharmacology II (6 decks)

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