Final Exam - Book Questions Flashcards
(34 cards)
Which of the following cells is phagocytic?
a) plasma cell
b) macrophage
c) B cell
d) NK cell
b) macrophage
Which structure allows lymph from the lower right limb to enter the bloodstream?
a. thoracic duct
b. right lymphatic duct
c. right lymphatic trunk
d. left lymphatic trunk
a. thoracic duct
Which of the following cells is important in the innate immune response?
a. B cells
b. T cells
c. macrophages
d. plasma cells
c. macrophages
Which of the following cells would be most active in early, antiviral immune responses the first time one is exposed to pathogen?
a. macrophage
b. T cell
c. neutrophil
d. natural killer cell
d. natural killer cell
Which of the lymphoid nodules is most likely to see food antigens first?
a. tonsils
b. Peyer’s patches
c. bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue
d. mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
a. tonsils
Which of the following signs is not characteristic of inflammation?
a. redness
b. pain
c. cold
d. swelling
c. cold
Which of the following is not important in the antiviral innate immune response?
a. interferons
b. natural killer cells
c. complement
d. microphages
d. microphages
Enhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of a specific protein is called ________.
a. endocytosis
b. opsonization
c. anaphylaxis
d. complement activation
b. opsonization
Which of the following leads to the redness of inflammation?
a. increased vascular permeability
b. anaphylactic shock
c. increased blood flow
d. complement activation
c. increased blood flow
T cells that secrete cytokines that help antibody responses are called ________.
a. Th1
b. Th2
c. regulatory T cells
d. thymocytes
b. Th2
The taking in of antigen and digesting it for later presentation is called ________.
a. antigen presentation
b. antigen processing
c. endocytosis
d. exocytosis
b. antigen processing
Why is clonal expansion so important?
a. to select for specific cells
b. to secrete cytokines
c. to kill target cells
d. to increase the numbers of specific cells
d. to increase the numbers of specific cells
The elimination of self-reactive thymocytes is called ________.
a. positive selection.
b. negative selection.
c. tolerance.
d. clonal selection.
b. negative selection.
Which type of T cell is most effective against viruses?
a. Th1
b. Th2
c. cytotoxic T cells
d. regulatory T cells
c. cytotoxic T cells
Removing functionality from a B cell without killing it is called ________.
a. clonal selection
b. clonal expansion
c. clonal deletion
d. clonal anergy
d. clonal anergy
Which class of antibody crosses the placenta in pregnant women?
a. IgM
b. IgA
c. IgE
d. IgG
d. IgG
Which class of antibody has no known function other than as an antigen receptor?
a. IgM
b. IgA
c. IgE
d. IgD
d. IgD
When does class switching occur?
a. primary response
b. secondary response
c. tolerance
d. memory response
b. secondary response
Which class of antibody is found in mucus?
a. IgM
b. IgA
c. IgE
d. IgD
b. IgA
Which enzymes in macrophages are important for clearing intracellular bacteria?
a. metabolic
b. mitochondrial
c. nuclear
d. lysosomal
d. lysosomal
What type of chronic lung disease is caused by a Mycobacterium?
a. asthma
b. emphysema
c. tuberculosis
d. leprosy
c. tuberculosis
Which type of immune response is most directly effective against bacteria?
a. natural killer cells
b. complement
c. cytotoxic T cells
d. helper T cells
b. complement
What is the reason that you have to be immunized with a new influenza vaccine each year?
a. the vaccine is only protective for a year
b. mutation
c. macrophage oxidative metabolism
d. memory response
b. mutation
Which type of immune response works in concert with cytotoxic T cells against virally infected cells?
a. natural killer cells
b. complement
c. antibodies
d. memory
a. natural killer cells
