Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Final Exam -- Endocrine System > Flashcards

Final Exam -- Endocrine System Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Functions of endocrine system (4)

A
  1. Creates hormones (and just hormones in general)
  2. works w nervous system to coordinate activity
  3. responds slower but more wide-spread + long-lasting
  4. adapts to long-term stimuly
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2
Q

How are messages transmitted in endocrine system? (3)

A

Endocrine glands produce hormones
- > hormones deliver message (stimulate response from organ)
- > Target cells have hormone receptors

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3
Q

What hormones are released from the pituitary? (8)

A
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
  • Growth hormone
  • Prolactin (PRL)
  • Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
  • Oxytocin (OT)
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4
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) target + function

A

Stimulates egg/sperm production

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5
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH) target + function

A

Stimulates ovulation and testosterone release

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6
Q

FSH

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

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7
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone

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8
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) function

A

stimulates thyroid gland to produce hormones

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9
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

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10
Q

ACTH

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

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11
Q

PRL

A

Prolactin

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12
Q

ADH

A

Anti-diuretic hormone

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13
Q

OT

A

Oxytocin

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14
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) target/function

A

Stimulates adrenal glands to release stress hormone cortisol

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15
Q

Growth hormone target/function

A

stimulates metabolism and muscle/bone growth during childhood

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16
Q

Prolactin (PRL)

A

Stimulates mammary glands to produce milk

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17
Q

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

A

Stimulates water reabsorption in the kidney

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18
Q

Oxytocin (OT)

A

Stimulates contractions of uterus

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19
Q

What hormones are released from the thyroid?

A

Triiodothyronine (T3)
Thyroxine (T4)
Calcitonin

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20
Q

T3

Study These Flashcards
A

Triiodothryonine

21
Q

T4

22
Q

T3 + T4 target

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A

Every cell in body

23
Q

T3 + T4 function (2)

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A
  • Increases metabolism
  • heart/respiratory rate
24
Q

Calcitonin target (2)

25
Calcitonin function (3)
- Lowering calcium levels in blood and increasing calcium in bones (kids) - inhibits osteoclasts - excretes calcium in urine
26
What hormone is released from the parathyroid?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
27
PTH
Parathyroid hormone
28
PTH target (2)
- bones - kidneys
29
PTH Function
increases blood calcium levels
30
What hormones are released from the adrenal gland? (Medulla + cortex) (5)
- glucocorticoids (cortisol) - mineralocortoids (aldostrone) - adrenaline/epinephrine
31
Which adrenal gland hormones come from the adrenal medulla? (2)
epinephrine noepinephrine
32
Epinephrine + noepinephrine target
blood (bind to alpha + beta aldregenic receptors)
33
Epinephrine function
Redirects blood to muscles
34
Noepinephrine function
Increases blood pressure
35
Which adrenal gland hormones come from the adrenal cortex? (Steroid hormones) (2)
- glucocorticoids (cortisol) - mineralocortoids (aldostrone)
36
Aldosterone function
regulates salt/water balance
37
Glucocorticoids (cortisol) function
- manages long-term stress response
38
What hormones are released from the pancreas? (3)
- insulin (beta cells) - glucagon (alpha cells) - somatostatin (delta cells)
39
What do alpha cells produce?
Glucagon
40
Glucagon
Raises blood glucose/sugar
41
What do beta cells produce?
Insulin
42
Insulin
Lowers blood glucose/sugar
43
What do delta cells produce?
Somatostatin
44
Somatostatin
Inhibits both alpha and beta cells
45
What hormone is released from the thymus?
Thymosin
46
Thymosin target
T-Cells
47
What hormone is released from the pineal gland?
Serotonin Melatonin
48
Melatonin
Regulates circadian rhythm (sleep-wake)
49
Serotonin
Makes you feel awake during the day
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