final - female

Question 1

Vaginitis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the vagina

Question 2

Vaginitis s/s

Answer 2

Vaginal discharge and burning
Itching
Redness
swelling

Question 3

Cervicitis

Answer 3

inflammation of the cervix (acute or chronic)

Question 4

Cervicitis etiology

Answer 4

Primary infection of the cervix
Secondary infection from the vagina or uterus

Question 5

acute Cervicitis s/s

Answer 5

Redness
Edema
Mucopurulent discharge

Question 6

chronic Cervicitis s/s

Answer 6

Ulcerated or normal in appearance
cysts

Question 7

s/s of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women

Answer 7

bleeding after menopause

Question 8

What is the main cause of cervical cancer

Answer 8

HPV

Question 9

Cystocele

Answer 9

herniation of the bladder into the vagina

Question 10

Rectocele

Answer 10

herniation of the rectum into the vagina

Question 11

Uterine prolapse

Answer 11

First: uterus enters the vagina
Second: uterus drops through the vagina
third degree: cervix is outside the vagina

Question 12

candidiasis

Answer 12

yeast infection caused by Candida albicans, triggered by: antibiotics, immune-deficiency states, increased glucose levels

Question 13

candidiasis predispositions

Answer 13

Decreased normal bacterial flora (antibiotics)
Increased estrogen/progesterone levels
Decreased immune system activity

Question 14

candidiasis s/s

Answer 14

pruritic mucous membranes, dysuria, discharge

Question 15

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Answer 15

Chronic anovulation
- Amenorrhea or irregular menses
LH > FSH
Stimulates androgen production
Interferes with ovulation
Ovaries contain many unovulated follicles
Acne, hirsutism
Hyperinsulinemia - insulin resistance
Weight gain

Question 16

What is the difference between PMS and PMDD

Answer 16

PMDD causes excessive depression and mood swings

Question 17

Endometriosis

Answer 17

Endometrial tissue “ectopic implants” grows outside uterus
- Go through menstrual cycle
- During menstrual period, tissue dies and bleeds
- Pain and adhesions result
- metastasizes through lymphatics or vascular system

Question 18

endometriosis treatment

Answer 18

remove offending tissue
- pain management
- stop period w/ progestin
- low dose birth control
- GnRH
- decrease LH and FSH (leuprolide)

Question 19

ovarian cancer s/s

Answer 19

bloating & fullness, indigestion, backache, sudden wt. gain

Question 20

who is at high risk for ovarian cancer

Answer 20

• Ovulatory age (highest risk)
• BRCA1 and BRCA2
• High-fat diet and genital talc powders

Question 21

breast cancer treatment

Answer 21

• radial mastectomy, lumpectomy, chemotherapy, radiation
• hormonal manipulation:
  Herceptin - blocks the HER 2 receptor
  Tamoxifen - blocks the estrogen receptorn