FINAL genetics

Question 1

alternative forms of a gene which occur at the same locus on homologous chromosomes

Answer 1

allele

Question 2

an allele that hides the expression of a recessive allele

Answer 2

dominant allele

Question 3

the genes if an organism for a particular trait or traits

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

specific location of a particular gene

Answer 4

gene locus

Question 5

visible expression of a genotype

Answer 5

phenotype

Question 6

possessing two identical alleles for a trait

Answer 6

homozygous

Question 7

possessing two unlike alleles for a trait

Answer 7

heterozygous

Question 8

grid that allows one to calculate the results of simple genetic crosses

Answer 8

punnett square

Question 9

an allele thats expression is masked by a dominant allele

Answer 9

recessive allele

Question 10

corss between an individual with the dominant phenotype and on with the recessive phenotype

Answer 10

test cross

Question 11

stamen consists of

Answer 11

anther, filament

Question 12

pistil consists of

Answer 12

stigma, style, ovary

Question 13

which old theory described a red flower being crossed with a white flower and the offspring being pink

Answer 13

blending theory of inheritance

Question 14

3:1 ratios found when performing what type of crosses

Answer 14

monohybrid crosses

Question 15

gametes of (TtGG) (TtGg)

Answer 15

(TG,tG) (TG, Tg, tG, tg)

Question 16

state whether it is a gamete or a genotype: (Tg) (WwCc) (Tr) (G)

Answer 16

gamete, genotype, gamete, gamete

Question 17

SsBbxSsBb, how many will have a smooth black coat?

Answer 17

9 of 16

Question 18

RrTtxrrtt, how many tall with red fruit

Answer 18

25%

Question 19

in blood types, AB blood is an example of what type if dominance

Answer 19

codominance

Question 20

down syndrome is an example of what type if nondisjunction

Answer 20

trisomy

Question 21

how many chromosomes are autosomes in humans

Answer 21

22

Question 22

when neither allele is fully dominant

Answer 22

incomplete dominance

Question 23

gene that affects more than one characteristic of an individual (ie marfans syndrome)

Answer 23

pleitropy

Question 24

t/f the environment has no effect on the phenotype of an organism

Answer 24

false

Question 25

permanent changes in genes or chromosomes than can be passed on to offspring

Answer 25

mutation

Question 26

term used to describe improper separation of chromosomes during meiosis

Answer 26

nondisjunction

Question 27

occurs when a segment of a chromosome is turned 180°

Answer 27

inversion

Question 28

doubling of a chromosomal segment

Answer 28

duplication

Question 29

movement of a chromosomal segment from one chromosome to another

Answer 29

translocation

Question 30

what would be the genotype of sex chromosomes in an individual with two barr bodies

Answer 30

XXX

Question 31

members of one pair of factors separate independently of members or another pair of factors therefore all possible combinations of factors can occur in the gametes

Answer 31

law of independent assortment

Question 32

what are the possible blood types the offspring of a cross between individuals that are type AB and O

Answer 32

A or B

Question 33

9:3:3:1 is expected when

Answer 33

gene pairs assort independently during meiosis

Question 34

what is mitosis

Answer 34

replication - maintainin chromosome number to keep sizew

Question 35

why do cells divide

Answer 35

to maintain surface area to volume ratio

Question 36

how many chromosomes does a human body cell have

Answer 36

46

Question 37

where do you get your chromosomes from

Answer 37

mother and father

Question 38

how many copies do you have of each gene in your genome

Answer 38

2

Question 39

the members of each pair of chromosomes in diploid cells are called

Answer 39

homologous pairs

Question 40

purpose of meiosis in animal cells

Answer 40

make sperm/eggs for reproduction

Question 41

what happens to chromosome number during meiosis

Answer 41

cuts in 1/2-46 to 23

Question 42

in plants meiosis produces

Answer 42

haploid spores

Question 43

after fertilization of a sperm and egg what is produced

Answer 43

zygote

Question 44

the process by which chromosomes exchange genes is known as

Answer 44

crossing over

Question 45

what phase of meiosis does crossing over occur

Answer 45

prophase

Question 46

how many chromosomes does a primary spermatocyte contain

Answer 46

46

Question 47

in humans how many chromosomes are contained in the first polar body

Answer 47

46

Question 48

how many sperm are produced due to meiosis in spermatogenesis

Answer 48

4