Final Part 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
What goes in and what comes out of Glycolysis?
Goes in: 1 Glucose 2 ATP 2 NAD+ 4 ADP
Comes out:
2 Pyruvic acids
4 ATP (net gain of 2)
2 NADH
What goes in and what comes out of Pyruvate Oxidation?
Goes in:
2 Pyruvic acids
2 NAD+
2 Coenzyme A (CoA)
Comes out:
2 Acetyl CoA
2 NADH
2 CO2 (waste)
What goes in and what comes out of the Krebs Cycle?
Goes in: 2 Acetyl CoA 2 Oxalclaic acids 6 NAD+ 2 FAD 2 ADP
Comes out: 2 Oxalclaic 6 NADH 2 FADH2 2 ATP 4 CO2 (waste)
What goes in and what comes out of the ETC?
Goes in: NADH FADH2 ADP O2
Comes out: NAD+ FAD ATP H2O (waste product)
What goes in and what comes out of the light reactions phase of photosynthesis?
Goes in:
Energy from sunlight
NADP+
Comes out:
Primary electron acceptor
NADPH
What goes in and what comes out of the Calvin cycle?
Goes in: 3 RUBP 3 CO2 6 NADPH 6 ATP
Comes out: 3 RUBP 6 ADP 6 NADP+ 1 G3P
What goes on in interphase of mitosis?
G1- Cell does its own thing
S- Replicates DNA, chromosomes duplicate
G2- Grows a little more and prepares for mitosis
What is the only difference between animal and plant cell mitosis?
Instead of cytokinesis in animal cells, plant cells= cell plate formation. Vescicles form and fuse together to grow a cell wall
Bacteria does:
Binary fission
When does crossing over occur in Meiosis?
Prophase I
Chromosomes 1-22 are:
Autosomes
Chromosome 23 are referred to as your:
Sex chromosomes
NOT homologous
Chromosomes always come in homologous pairs, one set inherited from their mother, one set from their father
Diploid 2n
Only one set of chromosomes inherited from the parent
Haploid N
What is crossing over?
Switching genetic material with homologous chromosome
What is independent assortment? When does it happen?
Picking a random side
Metaphase I
Gametic cells are:
Egg and sperm
Haploid: one set of chromosomes
Somatic cells are:
Diploid
What is Mendel’s law of segregation?
Two copies of a gene segregate such that each gamete receives only 1 copy of the gene
How does Mendel’s law of segregation not make sense with aneuploidy?
Aneuploidy refers to a gamete receiving more than one copy of a gene. This can happen when something goes wrong in Anaphase I or II
What is Mendel’s law of independent assortment?
Copies of different genes assort independently of one another
How does Mendel’s law of independent assortment not make sense with genetic linkage (crossing over)?
Copies of different genes don’t ALWAYS assort independently of one another because of the gene exchange that can happen during crossing over in prophase I
What kinds of mutations are there?
Point mutation: change in sequence without change in length Insertion Deletion Duplication Inversion Translocation
What carries out the unwinding of DNA and synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA)
RNA polymerase
