finals: middle ages - age of exploration vocab

Question 1

fief

Answer 1

granted land

Question 2

vassal

Answer 2

the person receiving the fief

Question 3

serfs

Answer 3

people who could not lawfully leave the place where they were born

Question 4

tithe

Answer 4

church tax

Question 5

monasteries

Answer 5

religious communities built by the church

Question 6

papacy

Answer 6

pope’s office

Question 7

secular

Answer 7

worldly rather than spiritual

Question 8

sagas

Answer 8

collection of stories about the lives of early nordic and germanic people

Question 9

eddas

Answer 9

collection of myths, legends, and poetry about norse gods and their enemies

Question 10

clergy

Answer 10

bishops and priests who fall under the pope’s authority

Question 11

sacraments

Answer 11

important religious ceremonies

Question 12

canon law

Answer 12

church law, code of conduct

Question 13

holy roman empire

Answer 13

german-italian empire created by otto i

Question 14

lay investiture

Answer 14

when kings and nobles appoint church officials

Question 15

lombard league

Answer 15

alliance of merchants

Question 16

interdict/excommunication

Answer 16

a sentence from the church forbidding someone from participating in church services (sacraments etc.)

Question 17

feudalism

Answer 17

social system where the nobility held lands from the crown in exchange for military services

Question 18

simony

Answer 18

the buying and selling of church positions

Question 19

friars

Answer 19

traveled from place to place to preach and spread church’s ideas

Question 20

vernacular

Answer 20

everyday language of homeland

Question 21

common law

Answer 21

unified body of law formed by the rulings of england’s royal judges

Question 22

renaissance

Answer 22

revival of art and learning

Question 23

humanism

Answer 23

an intellectual movement that focuses on human potential and achievements

Question 24

patrons

Answer 24

people who spend huge amounts of money on art, supports artists

Question 25

perspective

Answer 25

creates the appearance of three dimensions

Question 26

utopia

Answer 26

an ideal place, no place (greek)

Question 27

reform

Answer 27

a change for the better

Question 28

catholic

Answer 28

universal, recognizing the pope as the head of the church

Question 29

christian

Answer 29

someone who believes that jesus was christ; the savior of humanity and the son of god

Question 30

protestant

Answer 30

a christian who belongs to the branch of the christian church that separated from the catholic church in the sixteenth century

Question 31

papal bull

Answer 31

documents issued by the pope

Question 32

laypeople

Answer 32

people who participate in the church

Question 33

huguenots

Answer 33

french calvinists

Question 34

theocracy

Answer 34

a government controlled by religious leaders

Question 35

seminaries

Answer 35

educated church officials on church doctrines

Question 36

anabaptists

Answer 36

believed that people should be re-baptized as adults

Question 37

frescoes

Answer 37

method of painting, wet plaster on wall or ceiling

Question 38

tikal

Answer 38

a major center in northern guatemala

Question 39

glyphs

Answer 39

hieroglyphs symbols

Question 40

codex

Answer 40

a book of recordings from the maya

Question 41

adobe

Answer 41

sun-dried bricks

Question 42

chinampa

Answer 42

floating gardens

Question 43

qullqa

Answer 43

storage building mainly for food

Question 44

quipu

Answer 44

knotted cords used by the incas to record numbers

Question 45

chasqui

Answer 45

messengers who ran along the road system of the inca to spread mail

Question 46

ayllu

Answer 46

age-old form of community cooperation, extended family group that undertook tasks too big for a single family

Question 47

trepanation

Answer 47

drilling hole into skull

Question 48

antiseptics

Answer 48

antimicrobial substance used to destroy germs causing disease

Question 49

astrolabe

Answer 49

an instrument used for astronomical measurements and for navigation

Question 50

cartographer

Answer 50

a person who draws or produces maps

Question 51

compass

Answer 51

a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation

Question 52

slave trade

Answer 52

the buying and selling of africans for work in the americas

Question 53

triangular trade

Answer 53

trading network, eurpean goods → africa, slaves → west indies, goods from west indies → europe

Question 54

capitalism

Answer 54

a economic system based on private owner-ship and the investment of resources for profits

Question 55

mercantilism

Answer 55

belief that a country’s power came from it wealth