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history > rome #1 - #3 > Flashcards

rome #1 - #3 Flashcards

1
Q

republic

A

a form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to vote for their leaders`

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2
Q

patricians

A

wealthy landowners who had most of the power

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3
Q

plebeians

A

common, farmers, artisans, and merchants

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4
Q

tribunes

A

protected the rights of the plebeians from unfair acts of patricians, representatives are elected by an assembly formed by the plebeians

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5
Q

dictator

A

a leader who has absolute power to make laws + command army, the republic can appoint one in times of crisis

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6
Q

legion

A

large military units in rome

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7
Q

punic wars

A

the three wars between rome and carthage

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8
Q

hannibal

A

military strategist who wanted to destroy rome, helped and led carthage in one of the punic wars

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9
Q

twelve tables

A

roman laws written on bronze tablets that were displayed publicly

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10
Q

consuls

A

executive: one-year terms, chief executives of the government, commander in chief of army, pass laws, can veto each other

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11
Q

senate

A

legislative: representative body for patricians, 300 members, made up of patricians, chosen to serve for life, advise consuls, controls foreign and financial policies

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12
Q

tribal assembly

A

legislative: citizens grouped according to where they live, members for life, elect (10) tribunes, representative body for plebeians

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13
Q

centuriate assembly

A

legislative: members for life, make laws, select consuls

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14
Q

praetors

A

judicial: eight judges, one year term, elected by centuriate assembly

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15
Q

first punic war

A

rome had a strong army, carthage had a strong navy, and fought over sicily and sardinia, the war was out at sea, rome gained islands and their treasury

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16
Q

civil war

A

conflict between groups within the same country

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17
Q

julius caeser

A

a strong military leader who served as a consul and was later governed as an absolute ruler

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18
Q

triumvirate

A

a group of three leaders

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19
Q

augustus

A

“exalted one,” a title given to octavian as a powerful leader

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20
Q

pax romana

A

a period of peace and prosperity under the rule of augustus

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21
Q

economy

A

slavery was common, common currency, trading among the silk road

22
Q

government

A

civil service senate, dictator, taxes, postal routes

23
Q

value

A

disipline, stregnth, loyalty

24
Q

social class

A

born into the social class, men are the leaders of the family

25
Q

religion

A

they worshiped powerful spirits, and honored them through rituals, polytheistic

26
Q

entertainment

A

races, mock battles, gladiator contests, watched at the colosseum

27
Q

second punic war

A

carthage army was led by hannibal, scipio’s counter-attack at the battle of zama

28
Q

third punic war

A

rome destroyed carthage

29
Q

gracchus brothers

A

tiberius gracchus, gaicus gacchus, reform leaders, tribune members, moved the poor back to the countryside, wanted to limit the amount of land someone could own, killed by senators because they were helping plebeians

30
Q

gaius marius

A

a military hero, the first lower-class consul

31
Q

lucius sulla

A

powerful military commander, became dictator, weakened the tribunes

32
Q

first civil war

A

sulla won against marius

33
Q

first triumvirate

A

julius caesar, marcus crassus, gaius pompey

34
Q

beware the ides of march

A

march 15th, 44bce, wife and fortune teller warned him, 22 senators took turns stabbing caesar

35
Q

octavian augustus

A

caesar’s grand nephew

36
Q

marc antony

A

general

37
Q

marcus lepidus

A

general

38
Q

second triumvirate

A

augustus, antony, lepidus

39
Q

what was a key characteristic of the early roman republic?

A

the citizens had the power

40
Q

what were the rules of the consuls?

A

one year term, and cannot be elected for another ten years, two consuls and one could always veto the other

41
Q

why were the twelve tables significant?

A

it prevented patrician officials from interpreting the laws in favor of themselves

42
Q

what was hannibal’s strategy in the second punic war?

A

hannibal’s strategy was daring and different, he led his army on a long trek across the alps to rome. during the trek, he lost more than half his men and elephants

43
Q

what was rome’s geography like?

A

fertile soil, forest, peninsula, hills, alps, had access to the mediterranean, and could move by land and sea.

44
Q

how did the etruscans influence the development of rome?

A

influenced rome’s alphabet and architecture (the arch)

45
Q

how did the greeks influence rome?

A

coins/currency, religion, pottery, theater

46
Q

what tactic did scipio use to defeat hannibal?

A

scipio attacked carthage while hannibal was in rome, forcing him to return to carthage.

47
Q

why is it important to have written laws that are accessible to the people?

A

so the people know what their laws are and what they have

48
Q

what are some of caesar’s accomplishments?

A
  • governor of roman province
  • ruler of the first triumvirate
  • victorious over spain, gaul, invaded britian, started colonies
  • dictator of rome
  • gave land/work to rome created jobs
  • limited slave use
  • gave citizenship
  • adopted julian calender
49
Q

what were the results of the civil war between caesar and pompey?

A

pompey loses to caesar, caesar becomes dictator

50
Q

who was rome’s first emperor?

A

octavian agustus

51
Q

what are some of augustus’s accomplishments

A
  • part of the second triumvirate
  • glorified the republic
  • started the pax romana
  • set up the civil service system, postal system, grain supply
  • census - tax collectors
  • increased emphasis on learning and arts
  • built libraries
  • increased trades, no tax on goods
  • strict laws

history (13 decks)

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