rome #4 - #8

Question 1

jesus

Answer 1

central figure of christianity, a jewish preacher, known as the savior who would restore the kingdom of the jews, was a carpenter, studied scriptures, people believed he was messiah, performed miracles, son of god, celebrated passover, betrayed by judas

Question 2

apostles

Answer 2

jesus’s disciples or pupils who wrote the gospels

Question 3

paul

Answer 3

an apostle who was an enemy of christianity, but changed after having a vision of christ, spent the rest of his life being an important missionary and spreading jesus’s teachings

Question 4

constantine

Answer 4

a roman emperor who supported christianity and saw the symbol of the cross, ended the persecution of the christians and declared it to be a religion approved by the empire, issued the edit of milan

Question 5

peter

Answer 5

an apostle who became the first bishop and pope, head of the christian church, pope claimed supremacy through the petrine theory - doctrine which was not accepted in the eastern roman empire

Question 6

diocletian

Answer 6

an army leader who became emperor and tried to restore the empire

Question 7

atila

Answer 7

a powerful chieftain

Question 8

moses

Answer 8

received the ten commandments from god

Question 9

abraham

Answer 9

father of judaism

Question 10

theodosius

Answer 10

an emperor who made christianity the empire’s official religion, edit of thessalonica

Question 11

bishop

Answer 11

a priest who supported local churches

Question 12

diaspora

Answer 12

a period of jewish exile and the fall of jerusalem

Question 13

pope

Answer 13

father or head of christian church

Question 14

inflation

Answer 14

a drastic drop in the value of money coupled with the rise in prices

Question 15

mercenaries

Answer 15

foreign soldiers who fought for money

Question 16

constantinople

Answer 16

city of constantine

Question 17

sermon on the mount speech – golden rule

Answer 17

treat others the way you want to be treated

Question 17

judaism

Answer 17

• origin: palestine 2000 bc
• holy book: torah
• beliefs: monotheism, torah as god’s revelation, ten commandments

Question 18

christianity

Answer 18

• origin: palestine 30 ad
• holy book: new testament
• beliefs: monotheism, jesus as son of god, the savior, ten commandments

Question 18

jesus’s crucifixion

Answer 18

• jesus was tried for treason, and found guilty
• the pontiuos pilate ordered death/crucifixion
• his disciples spread jesus’s teachings
• romans were angry with the jews who refused to worship statues of roman emperors
• jews were tired of high taxes and pressure from romans

Question 18

fathers of the church - scholars: agustine

Answer 18

• an important leader of christian thought
• wrote city of god (~420) defending christians
• said “rome fell because it became rich and corrupt and persecuted christians”

Question 18

fathers of the church - scholars: jerome

Answer 18

• translated old/new testament into latin
• called the vulgate (382) - the official bible used by the roman catholic church

Question 18

how did the jews influence the development of christianity?

Answer 18

jesus’s first followers, spread christianity throughout the empire

Question 18

how did the pontius pilate influence the development of christianity?

Answer 18

they arrested jesus and sent him to death (crucifixion), after his death, his followers were even more convinced that jesus was messiah

Question 19

how did the pax romana help promote the spread of christianity?

Answer 19

during the pax romana (a time of peace and prosperity), preachers could travel on roadways to teach and communicate with a common language, near the end of the pax romana, the romans began to exile, imprison, and execute christians

Question 19

why didn’t wealthy romans like christianity?

Answer 19

the main message of christianity was the help the poor and the lower class

Question 20

what was the cause of the trade conditions that led to the decline of the roman empire?

Answer 20

the disruption of trade was caused by hostile tribes on the border and pirates in the mediterranean

Question 21

what was the cause of the gold and silver conditions that led to the decline of the roman empire?

Answer 21

the gold and silver drain was caused by the limit of expansion, they had reached their largest size and couldn’t expand anymore, so they didn’t have any access to new sources

Question 21

what was the cause of the inflation conditions that led to the decline of the roman empire?

Answer 21

inflation was caused by the raised taxes, and the production of coins with less silver, resulting in the decrease of it’s value

Question 22

what was the cause of the decline of loyalty and discipline in the military that led to the decline of the roman empire?

Answer 22

the roman soldiers gave their allegiance and loyalty to their commanders instead of rome, this also led the government to recruit mercenaries

Question 23

what was the cause of citizen independence and loss of patriotism that led to the decline of the roman empire?

Answer 23

the empire’s conditions resulted in the citizens’ indifference and loss of patriotism because they didn't care for rome as much as they did in the past

Question 24

what steps did diocletian take to restore order and reform the empire?

Answer 24

he limited personal freedom, doubled the size of rome’s army, set fixed prices for goods to fix inflation resented himself as a god-like aura to restore the prestige of an emperor, divided the empire into east and west, appointed co-ruler

Question 25

what did constantine do to reform the empire?

Answer 25

he continued the social and economic policies, ended the persecution of the christians, and moved the capital, made citizens stay in their jobs, moved capital to the east, restored the concept of one ruler

Question 26

what caused the final collapse of the roman empire?

Answer 26

germans attack - cross the frozen danube river, known as the battle of adrianople, germans had iron stirrup and could cross the danube river, huns invaded immediate causes: - pressure from the huns - invasion by germanic tribes - sack of rome by visilgoths and vanduls

Question 27

augustus's accomplishments

Answer 27

- part of the second triumvirate - glorified the republic - started the pax romana - set up the civil service system, postal system, grain supply - census - tax collectors - increased emphasis on learning and arts - built libraries - increased trade, no tax on goods - strict laws

Question 28

second triumvirate

Answer 28

augustus, antony, lepidus

Question 29

caligula

Answer 29

- bad emperor - gave his horse his own house made of marble and tried to make his horse a consul - announced political reforms, recalled all exiles - drained the roman treasury - commanded troops to gather seashells - caused riots - sente killed him and his family

Question 30

nero

Answer 30

- bad emperor - reduced taxes, banned capital punishments, forbade contests involving bloodshed - persecuted chrsitians, blamed them for problems - began expensive projects for himself to show self-importance - paid for projects with treasury - eliminated family members and advisors

Question 31

trajan

Answer 31

- good emperor - first non italian emperor, born in spain - military hero known for defeating the germanic tribes - extended rome to it’s greatest extent - built aqueducts and roadways - created funds for the poor - failed to stop jewish revolt - remembered as one of the greatest

Question 32

hadrian

Answer 32

- good emperor - born in spain - a champion of arts and culture - established more schools and greek curriculum - remembered for reforming the legal system and government - fortified the territory - wall - listened to people’s concerns - suppressed judean revolt after trying to build a statue

Question 33

marcus aurelius

Answer 33

- good emperor - remebered as philosopher king - consul - protected the borders - won battles in the east - reign was plagued by invasions and natural disasters - brought economic prosperity