FINALS POINTERS

Question 1

Where metabolic exchange between the blood and the tissue takes place

Answer 1

CAPILLARIES

Question 2

Lined by a single continuous layer of endothelial cells supported by a basement membrane

Answer 2

CAPILLARIES

Question 3

Lumen is large enough that only one leukocyte or red cell can pass

Answer 3

CAPILLARIES

Question 4

Characterized by openings called JUNCTIONS where nutrients and excretory materials pass

Answer 4

CAPILLARIES

Question 5

RBCs and platelets DO NOT leave the vessel lumen

Answer 5

CAPILLARIES

Question 6

CAPILLARIES The blood vascular system has a continuous lining that consists of a single layer of

Answer 6

ENDOTHELIAL CELLS

Question 7

are simple endothelial tubes that connect the arterial and venous sides of the circulation

Answer 7

Capillaries

Question 8

are surrounded by a thin sheath of delicate collagenous and reticular fibers and accompanied by occasional perivascular cells (PERICYTES)

Answer 8

Capillaries

Question 9

CONTINUOUS CAPILLARY

Answer 9

Muscles, Lung, CNS, and skin

Question 10

FENESTRATED CAPILLARY

Answer 10

Intestinal mucosa,
endocrine glands,
renal glomerulus, and
pancreas

Question 11

SINUSOIDAL

CAPILLARY

Answer 11

Liver,
bone marrow, and
spleen

Question 12

capillaries are vessels intermediate between the arteries and capillaries and veins and capillaries

Answer 12

ARTERIAL (pre-) and VENOUS (post-)

Question 13

have wider lumens and contain scattered smooth muscles

Answer 13

ARTERIAL CAPILLARIES (Metarterioles)

Question 14

Oriented LONGITUDINALLY unlike that of arterioles (which are transversely oriented)

Answer 14

ARTERIAL CAPILLARIES

Question 15

Some ARTERIAL CAPILLARIES posses __ that exists in sites where capillaries arise from metarterioles

Answer 15

PRECAPILLARY SPHINCTERS

Question 16

Characterized by more pericytes than the capillary networks

Answer 16

VENOUS CAPILLARIES (Postcapillary venules)

Question 17

ARTERIES
TUNICA INTIMA (or INTERNA)
Layers:

Answer 17

• Inner endothelial lining
• Subendothelial layer (fibroelastic tissues)
• Internal elastic membrane

Question 18

contains mainly circularly arranged smooth muscles with varying amounts of elastic and collagenous fibers

Answer 18

TUNICA MEDIA –

Question 19

parallel lined connective tissue

Some contains a definite External elastic membrane

Answer 19

TUNICA EXTERNA (or ADVENTITIA) –

Question 20

SPECIALIZED ARTERIES

Answer 20

INTRACRANIAL ARTERIES
LUNG
UMBILICAL ARTERIES
PENILE ARTERIES

Question 21

thin walled and well developed internal elastic membrane

Answer 21

INTRACRANIAL ARTERIES

Question 22

Reduction in elastic tissues and muscle (hence are thin)

Answer 22

LUNG:

Question 23

posses a media composed of two, thick, muscular layer (inner longitudinal and outer circular) and lacks an internal elastic membrane

Answer 23

UMBILICAL ARTERIES :

Question 24

intima is greatly thick and contains many longitudinal muscles

Answer 24

PENILE ARTERIES:

Question 25

Accomodates a large volume of blood Lumen is larger compared to capillaries Classification

Answer 25

VEINS Venules Small to medium sized veins Large veins

Question 26

Some cardiac muscles extend a distance to the adventitia at the entrance to the heart

Answer 26

VENA CAVA and PULMONARY ARTERIES

Question 27

GRAVID UTERUS, LIMBS, UMBILICAL VEIN, MESENTERIC VEINS

Answer 27

Thick media

Question 28

CEREBRAL and MENINGEAL VEINS, DURAL SINUSES, VEINS OF THE RETINA, BONES, PENILE ERECTILE TISSUE and PLACENTA

Answer 28

no tunica media

Question 29

Seen in many small and medium sized veins | Are semilunar folds or pockets produced by local infolding of the INTIMA

Answer 29

VENOUS VALVES

Question 30

Sites where arteries are directly connected to veins without any intervening capillary

Answer 30

ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSES

Question 31

– convoluted outline surrounded by a CT sheath

Answer 31

GLOMUS

Question 32

Seen in arteries and veins that are >1mm in diameter Small nutrient blood vessels

Answer 32

VASA VASORUM

Question 33

Intrinsic Pathway

Answer 33

``` Kininogen Kallikrein 12 11 9 8a 10 Prothrombin II Fibrinogen II ```

Question 34

Extrinsic Pathway

Answer 34

``` 7 Tissue factor 10 5a Thrombin IIa Fibrin Ia 13a ```