First Aid - Classic Labs/Findings Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
anticentromere antibodies
A
scleroderma (CREST)
2
Q
antidesmolegin (epithelial) antibodies
A
pemphigus vulgaris (blistering)
3
Q
anti-GBM antibodies
A
goodpastures (GNP + hemoptysis)
4
Q
antihistone antibiodies
A
drug-induced SLE
5
Q
anti-IgG antibodies
A
rheumatoid arthritis
6
Q
AMAs
A
primary biliary cirrhosis - female, cholestasis, portal HTN
7
Q
MPO-ANCA (p-ANCA)
A
microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss
8
Q
PR3-ANCA (c-ANCA)
A
granulomastosis with polyangiitis
9
Q
anti-smith antibodies
A
SLE
10
Q
antiplatelet antibodies
A
idiopathic thrombocytopenic pupura
11
Q
anti-topoisomerase antibodies
A
diffuse systemic scleroderma
12
Q
anti-transglutaminase/anti-gliasin/anti-endomysial antibodies
A
celiac disease - diarrhea, distention, wt loss
13
Q
“apple core” lesion on abd x-ray
A
colorectal cancer - usually L sided
14
Q
azurophilic peroxidase + granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
A
auer rods - AML, esp te promyelocytic (M3) type
15
Q
bactracin response
A
sensitive: streptococus pyogens (group A); resistant: streptococcus agalactiae (group B)
16
Q
“bamboo spine” on x-ray
A
ankylosing spondlyitis - chronic inflammatory arthritis (HLA-B27)
17
Q
basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
A
howell-jolly bodies - d/t splenectomy or nonfxnl spleen
18
Q
basophilic stippling of RBCs
A
lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
19
Q
bloody tap on LP
A
subarachnoid hemorrhage
20
Q
boot-shaped heart on CXR
A
tetrology of fallot, RVH
21
Q
branching gm + rods with sulfure granules
A
actinomyces israelii
22
Q
bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
A
pancoast tumor - can compress sympathetic ganglion and cause Horner syndrome
23
Q
“brown” tumor of bone
A
hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica - deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage gives brown color
24
Q
cardiomegaly with apically atrophy
A
chagas disease
25
cellular crescents in Bowman capsule
RPGN
26
"chocolate cyst" of ovary
endometreosis - frequently involves both ovaries
27
circular grouping of dark tumor cells surrounding pale neurofibrils
homer-wright rosettes - neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma
28
colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
CF
29
decreased in AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
down synd or other chromosomal abn
30
degeneration of dorsal column nerves
tabes dorsalis - tertiary syphilis
31
depigmentation of neurons in substantia nigra
parkinson dz - basal ganglia disorder; rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia
32
disarrayed granulosa cells in eosiniphilic fluid
call-exner bodies - granulosa-theca cell tumor of the ovary
33
desquamated epi casts in sputum
curschmann spirals - bronchial asthma, can get whorled mucous plugs
34
dysplastic squamous cervical cells with nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia
koilocytes - HPV
35
enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
"owl eye" appearance of CMV
36
enlarged thyroid cells with ground-glass nuclei
"orphan annie" eyes nuclei - papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
37
eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in liver cells
mallory body - etoh liver dz
38
eosinophilic cutoplasmic inclusions in nerve cells
lewy body - PD
39
eosinophilic globule in liver
councilman body - toxic or viral hepatitis, often yellow fever
40
eosinophilic inclusion bodies in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar nerve cells
negri bodies or rabies
41
extracellular amyloid deposition in gray matter or brain
senile plaques - alzheimer dz
42
giant B cels with bilobed nuclei with prominent inclusions
reed-sternberg cells - Hodgkin lymphoma
43
glomerulous-like structure surrounding vessel in germ cells
schiller-duval bodies - yolk sac tumor
44
"hair on end" (crew-cut) appearance on xray
beta-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia - marrow expansion
45
hCG elevated
choriocarcinoma, hydatiform mole
46
heart nodules (granulomatous)
aschoff bodies - rheumatic fever
47
heterophile antibodies
infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
48
hexagonal, double-pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions
bronchial asthma - charcot-leyden crystals, eosiniophilic granules
49
high levels of d-dimers
DVT, PE, DIC
50
hilar LAD, peripheral granulomatous lesions in middle or lower lung lobes - can calcify
ghon complexes - primary TB, mycobacterium bacilli
51
"honeycomb lung" on xray or CT
interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
52
hypercoagulability - leading to migrating DVTs and vasculitides
trousseau syndrome - adenocarcinoma of the pancreas or lungs
53
hypersegmented neutrophils
megaloblastic anemia - B12 def = neuo s/s, folate def = no neuro s/s
54
hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
conn syndrome
55
hypochromic, microcytic anemia
Fe def anemia, lead poisoning, thalassemia (fetal Bh sometimes present)
56
increased AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida (neural tube defect)
57
increased uric acid levels
gout, lech-nyhan syndrome, tymor lysis syndrome, loop and thiazide diuretics
58
increanuclear eosinophilic droplet-like bodies
cowdry type A bodies (HSV or CMV)
59
Fe-containing nodules in alveolar septum
ferruginous bodies - asbestos, increased chance of mesothelioma
60
keratin pearls on a skin biopsy
sq cell carcinoma
61
large lysosomal vesicles in phagocytes, immuodef
chediask-higashi disease - congenital failure of phagolysosome formation
62
"lead pipe" appearance of colon on barium enema x-ray
UC - loss of haustra
63
linear appearance of IgG deposition on glomerular basement membrane
goodpasture syndrome
64
low serum ceruloplasmin
wilson disease - hepatolenticular
65
"lumpy bumpy" appearance of glomeruli on immunofluorescence
post strep GNP - IgG and C3b complex deposition
66
lytic ("hole punched") bone lesions on xray
multiple myeloma
67
mammary glad ("blue domed") cyst
fibrocytic change of the breast
68
monoclonal antibody spike
- multiple myeloma
- monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
- waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
- primary amyloidosis
69
mucin-filled cells with peripheral nucleus
"signet ring" - gastic carcinoma
70
narrowing of bowel lumen on barium xray
"string sign" - crohn disease
71
necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing GNP
- granulomatosis with polangiitis
| - goodpasture syndrome
72
needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals
gout
73
nodule hyaline deposits in glomerular
kimmelstel-wilson nodules - diabetic nephropathy
74
novobiocin response
sensitive: staph epidermidis; resistant: staph saprophyticus
75
"nutmeg" appearance of liver
chronic passive congestion of liver d/t RHF
76
"onion skin" periosteal reaction
ewing sarcoma - malignant round-cell tumor
77
optochin response
sentive: strep pneumo; resistant: viridans, streptococci
78
periosetum raised from bone, creating triangular area
codman triangle on xray - osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, pyogenic osteomyelitis
79
polished, "ivory-like" appearance of bones at cartilage erosion
eburnation - osteoarthritis resulting in bony sclerosis
80
psammoma bodies
meningioma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, mesothelioma, papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium and ovary
81
pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
glioblastoma multiforme
82
RBC casts in urine
acute GNP
83
rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusion in Leydig cells
reinke crystals - Leydig cell tumor
84
renal epi casts in urine
acute toxic/viral renal injury
85
rhomboid crystals, positively birefringent
pseudogout - CaPO dihydrade crystals
86
rib notching
coarctation of the aorta
87
ring-enhancing brain lesions in AIDS pt
toxoplama gondii, CNS lymphoma
88
sheets of medium-sized lymphoid cells with scattered pale, tingible body-laden MPs - "starry sky" histology
burkitt lymphoma - t[8:14] c-myc activation, ass'd with EBV; "black sky" made up of malignant cells
89
silver-staining spherical aggregation of tau proteins in neurons
pick bodies (pick disease: progressive dementia, changes in personality)
90
"soap bubble" in femur or tibia on xray
giant cell tumor of bone - generally benign
91
"spikes" on basement membrane, "dome-like" subepi deposits
membranous GNP - may progress to nephrotic syndrome
92
stacks of RBCs
rouleaux formation - high ESR, multiple myeloma
93
stippled vaginal epi cells
"clue cells" - garderella vaginalis
94
"tennis racket" shaped cytoplasmic organelles (EM) in Langerhans cells
birbeck granules - langerhans cells histiocytosis or histiocytosis X: eosinophilic granuloma
95
thrombi made of red/white layers
lines of zahn - aterial thrombus, layers of platelets/RBCs (pre-mortem)
96
"tram-track" appearance of capillary loops of glomerular basement membranes on light microscopy
membranoproliferative GNP
97
triglyceride accumulation in liver cell vacuoles
fatty liver disease - etoh or metabolic syndrome
98
"waxy" casts with very low urine flow
chronic end-stage renal dz
99
WBC casts in urine
acute pyelo
100
WBCs that look "smudged"
CCL - almost always B cell
101
"wire look" glomerular capillary appearance on light microscopy
lupus nephropathy
102
yellowish CSF
xanthochromia
103
amastigotes in macrophages
leishmania infection (kaplan)
