First Aid - Key Associations Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
actinic (solar) keratosis
A
precursor to sq cell carcinoma
2
Q
acute gastric ulcer ass’d with CNS injury
A
cushings ulcer (increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)
3
Q
acute gastric ulcer ass’d with severe burns
A
curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)
4
Q
aneurysm, dissecting
A
hypertension
5
Q
age ranges for ALL, CLL, AML, CML
A
ALL: child, CLL: >60, AML: ~65, CML: 45-85
6
Q
alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
A
skip lesions - crohn disease
7
Q
aortic aneurysm, abd
A
atherosclerosis
8
Q
aortic aneurysm, ascending or arch
A
tertiary syphilis, vasa vasorium destruction
9
Q
aortic aneurysm, thoracic
A
marfan syndrome
10
Q
atrophy of the mamillary bodies
A
wernicke encephalopathy - thyamine def causing ataxia, opthalmoplegia, and confusion
11
Q
autosplenectomy
A
sickle cell disease
12
Q
bacteria ass’d with gastritis, peptic ulcer dz and gastric malignancies
A
h pylori
13
Q
bacterial meningitis - adults and elderly
A
s pneumoniae
14
Q
bacterial meningitis - newborn and kids
A
GBS/ e coli (newborn), s pneumoniae/ n meningitidis
15
Q
b/l ovarian mets from gastric carcinoma
A
krukenberg tumor
16
Q
bleeding disorder with GpIb deficency
A
Benard-Soulier syndrome - defect in platelet adhesion to von willebrand factor
17
Q
brain tumor (adults)
A
supratentorial: mets, astrocytoma, meningioma, schwannoma
18
Q
brain tumor (kids)
A
infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharygioma
19
Q
breast cancer
A
invasive ductal carcinoma
20
Q
breast mass
A
fibrocystic change, carcinoma (postmenopausal women)
21
Q
primary cardiac tumor (kids)
A
rhabdomyoma - seen in tuberous sclerosis
22
Q
breast tumor - b9, young woman
A
fibroadenoma
23
Q
cardiac tumor (adult)
A
mets, myxoma (L atrium, ball and valve)
24
Q
cardiac manifestations of lupus
A
marantic/thrombotic endocarditis (nonbacterial)
25
chronic arrhythmia
a fib - ass'd with high risk of emboli
26
cerebellar tonsillar herniation
chiari II malformation
27
chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)
predisposed to gastric carcinoma - can also cause pernicious anemia
28
clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES exposure in utero
29
congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
21-hydroxylase deficiency
30
congenital cardiac anomaly
VSD
31
congenial conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver)
dubin-johnson syndrome
32
constrictive pericarditis
TB (developing world); idiopathic, viral illness (developed world)
33
coronary artery involved in thrombosis
LA>RCA>circumflex
34
cretinism
iodine defect/congential hypothyroidism
35
death in CML
blast crisis
36
death in SLE
lupus nephropathy
37
demetia
- alzheimer disease
| - multiple farcts (vascular dementia)
38
demylinating disease in young women
MS
39
DIC
```
-severe sepsis
obstetric complications
-cancer
-burns
-trauma
- major surgery
-acute pancreatitis
-APL
```
40
diverticulum in pharynx
zenkers
41
ejection click
aortic stenosis
42
esophageal cancer
sq cell carcinoma (worldwide), adenocarcinoma (US)
43
food poisoning
- s areus
| - b cereus
44
gastric cancer
adenocarcinoma
45
glomerulonephritis - adult
berger disease (IgA nephropathy)
46
gynecologic malignancy
endometrial carcinoma (US), cervical carcinoma (worldwide)
47
heart murmur, congenital
MVP
48
heart valve in bacterial endocarditis
- mitral > aortic (rheumatic fever)
| - tricuspid (IV drug abuse)
49
helminth infection (US)
- enterobus vermicularis
| - ascaris lumbricoides
50
epidural hematoma
MMA rupture - lentiform shaped
51
subdural hematoma
rupture of bridging veins - crescent shaped
52
hemochromatosis
multiple transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation - increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma
53
hepatocellular carcinoma
cirrhoti liver - Hep B, C and alchohol abuse
54
hereditary bleeding disorder
von willebran disease
55
hereditary harmless jaundice
gilbert syndrome - unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
56
HLA-B27
- psoriatic arthritis
- ankylosing spondylitis
- IBD-ass;d arthritis
- reactive arthritis (was Reiter syndrome)
57
HLA-DR3
- DM type 1
- SLE
- graves
- hashimoto thyriodidis
- addison disease
58
HLA-DR4
- DM type 1
- RA
- addison disease
59
holosystolic murmur
- VSD
- tricuspid regurg
- mitral regurg
60
hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis
virchow triad - increased risk of thrombosis
61
sendodary HTN
- renal artery stenosis
- chronic kidney disease
- hyperaldosteronism
62
hypoparathyroidism
accidental excision during thyroidectomy
63
hypopituitarism
pituitary adenoma - usually benign
64
infection secondary to blood transfusion
hep C
65
infections in chronic granulomatous disease
- s areus
- e coli
- aspergillua (catalase +)
66
intellectual diasbility
down syndrome, fragile X syndrome
67
kidney stones
- ca = radiopaque
- struvate = radiopaque (klebsiella, proteus, saprohyticus)
- uric acid = radiolucent
- cystine = radiolucent
68
late cyanotic shunt
eisenmenger syndrome - causes pulm HTN/polycythemia
69
liver dz
etoh cirrhosis
70
lysosomal storage dz
gaucher dz
71
male cancer
prostatic cancer
72
malignancy ass'd with noninfectious fever
hodgkin lymphoma
73
malignancy (kids)
ALL, meduloblastoma (cerebellar)
74
metastases to bone
prostate ca
75
metastases to brain
lung > breast> GU > melanoma > GI
76
microcytic anemia
Fe deficiency
77
mitochondiral inheritance
disease occurs both in M and Fm inherited through females only
78
mitral valve stenosis
rheumatic heart disease
79
mixed (UMN/LMN) neuron disease
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
80
myocarditis
coxsackie B
81
nephrotic syndrome - adults
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
82
nephrotic syndrome - kids
minimal change disease
83
neuron migration failure
Kallmann syndrome - hypogonadotriphic hypogonadism and anosmia
84
nosocomial pneumonia
- s areus
- pseudomonas
- other enteric gram - rods
85
obst of male urinary tract
BPH
86
opening snap
mitral stenosis
87
opportunistic infection in AIDS
PCP
88
osteomyelitis
s areus (MC overall)
89
osteomyelitis in sickle cell
salmonella
90
osteomyelitis with IV drug use
- pseudomonas
- candida
- s areus
91
ovarian tumor - b9, b/l
serous cystadenocarcinoma
92
pancreatitis - acute
gallstones, etoh
93
pancreatitis - chronic
etoh, CF (kids)
94
pelvic inflammatory dz
- c trachomatis
| - n gonorrheae
95
philadelphia chromosome t(9;22) - BCR-ABL
CML
96
pituitary tumor
- prolactinoma
| - somatotrophic adenoma
97
primary amenorrhea
turner syndrome (45, XO or 45XO/46,XX mosaic)
98
primary bone tumor (adults)
multiple myeloma
99
primary hyperaldosteronism
adenoma of adrenal cortex
100
primary hyperparathyroidiam
adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma
101
primary liver cancer
hepatocellular carcinoma - chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hemochomatosis, A1AT, wilson dz)
102
pulmonary HTN
idiopathic, heritable, left heart disease, lung dz, hypoxemic vasoconstriction
103
recurrent inflammation/thrombosis of small/medium vessels in extremities
buerger dz - strong ass't w/ tobacco
104
refractory peptic ulcers and high gastrin levels
Zollinger-Ellizon syndrome, ass'd with MEN1
105
renal tumor
renal cell carcinoma, ass'd with VHL and smoking, paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTHrP, ACTH)
106
R heart failure d/t pulmonary cause
cor pulmonale
107
S3 heart sound
increased vent cilling pressure - mitral regurg, HF; common in dilated ventricles
108
S4 heart sound
stiff/hypertrophic ventricle - aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy
109
secondary hyperpaprathyroidism
hypocalcemia of chronic kidney disease
110
STD
c thrachomatis - usually a coinfection with n gonorrheoeae
111
SIADH
small cell carcinoma
112
site of diverticula
sigmoid colon
113
sites of atherosclerosis
abd aorta > coronary a > popliteal a > carotid a
114
t(14;18)
follicular lymphomas
115
t(8;14)
burkitt lymphoma
116
t(9;22)
CML
117
temporal arteritis
risk of i/l blindness d/t occulsion of opthamic a; polymyalgia rheumatica
118
testicular tumor
seminoma - increased placental ALP
119
thyroid cancer
papillary carcinoma - childhood irradiation
120
tumor in women
leiomyoma - estrogen dependent, not precancerous
121
tumor of infancy
strawberry hemangioma
122
tumor of the adrenal medulla (adult)
pheochromocytoma
123
tumor of the adrenal medulla - kids
neuroblastoma - malignant
124
types of hodgkin lymphoma
nodular sclerosing, mixed cellularity (+EBV) , lymphocyte predominance, lymphocyte depletion (+EBV)
125
type of non-hodgkin lymphoma
diffuse large-B cell lymphoma
126
UTI
- e coli
| - staph saprophyticus
127
vertebral compression fracture
osteoporosis - type 1 in postmenopausal women, type 2 in elderly
128
viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe
HSV-1
129
vitamin def (US)
folate - body only has 3-4mo store, preg women = high risk
