Flow of blood

Question 0

smaller arteries from when small arteries divide

Answer 0

arterioles

Question 1

carries blood away from the heart to other organs

Answer 1

arteries

Question 2

tiny vessels from when the arterioles enter a tissue and branch out. The thin walls of capillaries allow the exchange of substances between the blood and body tissue

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

groups of capillaries within a tissue reunite to form these small veins. These then merge to form veins

Answer 3

venules

Question 4

the blood vessels that convey blood from the tissues back to the heart

Answer 4

veins

Question 5

3 layers of the blood vessel wall

Answer 5

1. tunica interna
2. tunica media
3. tunica externa

Question 6

forms the inner lining of a blood vessel and is in direct contact with the blood as it flows through the lumen or interior opening of the vessel

Answer 6

tunica interna ( intima)

Question 7

muscular and connective tissue layer that displays the greatest variation among the different vessel types. Relatively a thick layer comprising mainly smooth muscle cells and substantial amounts of elastic fibers

Answer 7

tunica media

Question 8

the outer covering of a blood vessel. Consists of elastic and collagen fibers. Contains numerous nerves and especially in larger vessels, tiny blood vessels that supply the tissue of the vessel wall

Answer 8

tunica externa ( adventia)

Question 9

thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels, lines closed internal spaces

Answer 9

endothelium

Question 10

the narrowing of blood vessels by small muscles in the walls; higher
b/p

Answer 10

vasoconstriction

Question 11

widening of blood vessels that result from relaxation of the muscular walls of vessels; lower b/p

Answer 11

vasodilation

Question 12

abnormally dilated vessel (varicose veins)

Answer 12

varices

Question 13

pressure generated by the pumping action of the heart; pushes fluid out of capillaries into interstitial fluid.

Answer 13

hydrostatic pressure

Question 14

main pressure promoting reabsorption of fluid; pushes fluid from interstitial spaces back into capillaries

Answer 14

osmotic pressure

Question 15

swelling, enlargement of organs, skin, and other body parts. Cause by build up of fluid in the tissues

Answer 15

edema

Question 16

pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels

Answer 16

blood pressure

Question 17

the opposition to blood flow due to friction between blood and the walls of blood vessels; afterload

Answer 17

vascular resistance

Question 18

refers to all the vascular resistances; afterload

Answer 18

peripheral resistance

Question 19

a collection of skeletal muscles that aid the heart in the circulation of blood on the venule side

Answer 19

skeletal muscle pump

Question 20

helps return blood in the thoracic cavity and abdomen back to the heart. Increases blood flow to the R atrium (on venule side)

Answer 20

respiratory pump

Question 21

fainting or passing out

Answer 21

syncope

Question 22

blood pressure falls greatly when you stand up quickly

Answer 22

orthostatic hypotension

Question 23

arterial palpatation of the heart beat, traveling pressure wave

Answer 23

pulse

Question 24

measures b/p, particularly in arteries

Answer 24

sphygmomonometer

Question 25

sounds heard when takin b/p

Answer 25

korotkoff sounds

Question 26

the difference between your systolic and diastolic b/p

Answer 26

pulse pressure

Question 27

life threatening condition that occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow

Answer 27

shock

Question 28

which type of blood vessel plays the key role in regulating the resistance to blood flow?

Answer 28

arteriole (also affect b/p the most)

Question 29

how does the diameter of a blood vessel affect the resistance to blood flow?

Answer 29

as vessel diameter decreases the resistance increases and blood flow decreases

Question 30

which type of blood vessel contains valves?

Answer 30

veins

Question 31

what is the purpose of valves in vein

Answer 31

to transport blood and keep it flowing in one direction

Question 32

what type of blood vessel has the lowest b/p?

Answer 32

veins

Question 33

which type of blood vessel contains the largest portion of your blood volume?

Answer 33

veins ( blood flow is slowest due to not having heart to help circulate)

Question 34

how does oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and nutrients leave the capillaries?

Answer 34

they cross in and out of the capillaries by passing through or between the cells that line the capillary

Question 35

what structures are too large to pass through capillary walls?

Answer 35

red blood cells, and large proteins

Question 36

how can edema develop?

Answer 36

build up of fluid in tissue ( cause osmotic pressure is not strong enough)

Question 37

what three things does vascular resistance depend upon?

Answer 37

1. blood viscosity 2. vessel length 3. vessel diameter

Question 38

how does the baroreceptor reflex regulate b/p?

Answer 38

1. baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid 2. sensory nerve-glosso-pharyngeal-vegus 3. medulla oblongata-sympathetic/parasympathetics

Question 39

what is normal b/p range?

Answer 39

120/80

Question 40

what is prehypertension range?

Answer 40

120-139/80-89

Question 41

what is hypertension 1 range?

Answer 41

140-159/90-99

Question 42

what is hypertension 2 range?

Answer 42

160+/100+

Question 43

what are the 4 types of shock?

Answer 43

1. cardiogenic 2. anaphylactic 3. septic 4. hypovelemic

Question 44

what type of shock is from damage to heart muscle from a severe heart attack?

Answer 44

cardiogenic shock

Question 45

what type of shock is from severe, potentially life threatening allergic reaction?

Answer 45

anaphylactic shock

Question 46

what type of shock is from when an overwhelming infection leads to life threatening low b/p?

Answer 46

septic shock

Question 47

what type of shock is from severe blood and fluid loss that makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body?

Answer 47

hypovelemic shock

Question 48

what are signs and symptoms of shock?

Answer 48

- decrease in b/p - rapid, shallow breathing - anxiety - confusion - rapid, weak, or absent pulse - decrease in urine output - light headedness - cool, clammy skin - irregular heartbeat

Question 49

what are the 4 parts of the aorta?

Answer 49

1. ascending thoracic aorta 2. aortic arch 3. descending thoracic aorta 4. abdominal aorta

Question 50

what artery arises from L ventricle, main trunk of systemic arterial circulation?

Answer 50

aorta

Question 51

what artery is located in the mediastinum and supplies blood to the head, neck and R arm, and thoracic wall?

Answer 51

brachiocephalic

Question 52

what artery is located in the neck and supplies blood from the heart to the brain?

Answer 52

carotid

Question 53

what artery is located in the head and neck and supplies blood to the brain, brainstem, and upper spinal cord

Answer 53

vertebral

Question 54

what artery is located in the shoulder and supplies blood to the brain, spinal cord, neck, shoulder, thoracic muscle wall and scapular muscles?

Answer 54

subclavian

Question 55

what artery is located in the armpit and supplies blood to the armpit?

Answer 55

axillary

Question 56

what artery is located in the upper arm and supplies blood to the upper arm?

Answer 56

brachial

Question 57

what artery is located on the thumb side of the forearm and supplies blood to the thumb side of the forearm?

Answer 57

radial

Question 58

what artery is located on the pinky side of the forearm and supplies blood to the pinky side of the forearm?

Answer 58

ulnar

Question 59

what artery is located in the fingers and supplies blood to the fingers?

Answer 59

digital

Question 60

what artery is located between the ribs and supplies blood to between the ribs?

Answer 60

intercostal

Question 61

what artery is located in the abdominal aorta?

Answer 61

celiac trunk

Question 62

what are the 3 divisions of the ciliac trunk?

Answer 62

1. gastric (stomach) 2. splenic (spleen) 3. common hepatic (liver)

Question 63

what artery is located in the intestines and supplies blood to the intestines?

Answer 63

mesenteric

Question 64

what artery is located in the kidneys and supplies blood to the kidneys?

Answer 64

renal

Question 65

what artery is located in the hips and supplies blood to the hips?

Answer 65

common iliac

Question 66

what artery is located in the elvis and supplies blood to the pelvis?

Answer 66

external/internal iliac

Question 67

what artery is located in the thigh and supllies blood to the thighs?

Answer 67

femoral

Question 68

what artery is located in the knee and supplies blood to the knees?

Answer 68

popliteal

Question 69

what artery is located in the lower leg and supplies blood to the lower legs?

Answer 69

tibial

Question 70

what artery is located in the foot and supplies blood to the feet?

Answer 70

pedal

Question 71

what vein is located in the neck and drains the head and neck into the superior vena cava?

Answer 71

jugular

Question 72

what vein is located in the shoulder and drains the shoulder into the superior vena cava?

Answer 72

subclavian

Question 73

what vein is located in the neck and brain and drains the brain into the superior vena cava?

Answer 73

vertebral

Question 74

what vein is located in the neck and shoulder and drains the neck and shoulder into the superior vena cava?

Answer 74

brachiocephalic

Question 75

what vein is located in the armpit and drains the armpit into the superior vena cava?

Answer 75

axillary

Question 76

what vein is located in the upperarm and drains the upper arm into the superior vena cava?

Answer 76

brachial

Question 77

what vein is located in the pinky side of the forearm and drains the pinky side of the forearm into the superior vena cava?

Answer 77

ulnar

Question 78

what vein is located in the thumb side of the forearm and drains into the superior vena cava?

Answer 78

radial

Question 79

what vein is located in the arms and drains the lateral aspect of arm into the superior vena cava?

Answer 79

cephalic

Question 80

what vein is located in the arm and drains the medial aspect of the arm into the superior vena cava?

Answer 80

basilic

Question 81

what vein is located in the middle of the bend of the elbow and drains into the superior vena cava?

Answer 81

median cubital

Question 82

what vein is located in the chest and drains blood from the chest into the superior vena cava?

Answer 82

azygos

Question 83

What vein is located in the liver and carries nutrients from food for processing into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 83

hepatic portal

Question 84

what vein is located in the liver and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 84

hepatic

Question 85

what vein is located in the stomach and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 85

gastric

Question 86

what vein is located in the spleen and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 86

splenic

Question 87

what vein is located in the intestines and drains into the inferior vena cave?

Answer 87

mesenteric

Question 88

what vein is located in the kidneys and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 88

renal

Question 89

what vein is located in the hips and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 89

common iliac

Question 90

what vein is located in the thigh and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 90

femoral

Question 91

what vein is located in the medial thigh to the middle ankle and drains the superficial leg and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 91

great saphenous

Question 92

what vein is located in the knee and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 92

popliteal

Question 93

what vein is located in the lower leg and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 93

tibial

Question 94

what vein is located in the foot and drains into the inferior vena cava?

Answer 94

pedal

Question 95

what is active transport called?

Answer 95

endocytosis