fluids/blood Flashcards
(50 cards)
explain intracellular fluids
2/3 of total fluids
inside cell - intracellular compartment
where is the highest concentration of potassium
intracellular fluid
ex’s) of EXtracellular fluids
interstitial, intravascular
lymph, cerebrospinal, synovial
aqueous/vitreous,
endolymph, perilymph
pericardial, peritoneal, pleural
mild dehydration
2% loss, no symptoms
moderate dehydration
5-10% loss
headache, less urine, fatigue, dizziness, nausea
serious dehydration
10-15%
confusion
no urine
muscle cramps
electrolyte imbalance
what does aldosterone do
promote urinary reabsorption of Na+
reduces loss of water in urine
keeps water in
where is the thirst centre
hypothalamus
water and solute loss is affected by
aldosterone
atrial natriuretic peptide
antidiuretic hormone
hypertonic solution
water flows OUT
cell shrinks and dies
osmosis
diffusion involving water
molecules pass thru semi permeable membrane from low to high concentration
aquaporins
what causes edema
when too much water collects in the interstitial fluid
what do electrolytes do
control movement of substances
help maintain acid/base balance
carry electrical current
act as enzyme
what is an electrolyte
an ion forms when it dissolves and electrolytes have dissociated
conducts electrical current
how do we maintain pH
buffer systems
exhalation of CO2
kidneys excrete H+ or OH- in urine
what is pH
measurement of how acidic or basic a solution is
POTENTIALHYDROGEN
what is pH of blood
7.35-7.45
which cells have cell identity markers
white blood cells
what is erythropoietin
hormone produced in kidneys
regulates red blood cells
what cells release histamine
basophils
monocytes are
agranular
how does prothrombinase relate to hemostasis
helps form blood clot prothrombinase converts prothrombin into thrombin
ion in hemostasis require in making of prothrombinase into thrombin
Ca2+ calcium
what cells DO NOT have nucleus
RBC
