Frames Basics Flashcards
(31 cards)
What do frames provide?
The foundation and physical structure for all vehicle subsystems that are either directly mounted to it, or supported by it indirectly
What are the two main types of frames?
- Body-on-frame
- Unibody
What are the three variants of the Body-on-frame?
- Perimeter frame
- “X” type frame
- Ladder type frame
What are the two variants of a unibody?
- Utilized with sub frame
- Platform construction
Despite Unibody being an ideal frame type with lots of benefits, why have both types of frame?
Body-on-frame can be good for other uses like off-roading and heavy duty. Keep in mind the phrase “form ‘n function”. Both frames are great for different forms and functions.
What is the purpose of a safety cage?
To provide the structural integrity to protect the occupants of the vehicle.
What is the difference between a crumple zone and safety cage?
A safety cage resists deformation to prevent intrusion, whereas a crumple zone absorbs energy and controls the magnitude of deceleration
What are the six types of frame damage?
- Sag
- Sway
- Mash
- Diamond
- Twist
- Combination
What is a tram gauge used for?
Checking distances and comparing two readings to each other
How many gauges must you have to get a reading at minimum?
Three
What is the most common type of frame damage in accidents?
Combination damage
What indicates sag damage?
The central area or passenger compartment of the car is lower than normal. The under structure has a swayback appearance
What are the two types of frames?
- Body-on-frame
- Unibody
What are the three body-on-frame variants?
- Perimeter frame
- “X” type frame
- Ladder type frame
What are the two types of unibody variants?
- Unitized with sub frame
- Platform construction
What does a safety cage do?
Provides structural integrity to protect the occupants of the vehicle
What’s the difference between a safety cage and a crumple zone?
Safety cages resist deformation to prevent intrusion, whereas crumple zones deform to absorb energy and control the magnitude of deceleration
Unibody frames seem to be better in most ways compared to body-on-frames, so why use both?
Both are used for different things that benefit different types of vehicles. Remember the phrase “form ‘n function”
What are the six types of frame damage?
- Sag
- Sway
- Mash
- Diamond
- Twist
- Combination
What indicates sag damage?
The central area or passenger compartment of the car is lower than normal. The under structure has a swayback appearance
What are the six types of frame damage?
- Sag
- Sway
- Mash
- Diamond
- Twist
- Combination
What indicates sway damage?
The front, center, or rear portion of a vehicle is pushed sideways by impact is out of alignment
What indicates mash damage?
The length of the vehicle is shortened
What indicates diamond damage?
One side of the vehicle has been moved forward (or rearward) causing the frame or body to be out of square
