Fruits and Seeds Chapter 8 (Week 4 Lecture 6)

Question 1

What is a fruit?

Answer 1

Matured ovary and its accessory parts that contains seeds and are found exclusively in flowering plants

Question 2

What are the 5 characteristics that could make up a fruit?

Answer 2

Can consist of only ovary and seeds
Can include adjacent flower parts
May be fleshy or dry at maturity
May split or not split
May be derived from a one or more ovaries

Question 3

______ is the skin of the fruit.

Answer 3

Exocarp

Question 4

What is the endocarp?

Answer 4

Inner boundary around seed(s)

Question 5

______ is the tissue between the exocarp and endocarp.

Answer 5

Mesocarp

Question 6

The exocarp, endocarp and mesocarp collectively make up the ______.

Answer 6

Pericarp

Question 7

What are the 5 types of fruits?

Answer 7

Simple fruits, multiple fruits, aggregate fruits, fleshy fruits, and dry fruits

Question 8

______ _______ fruits develop from flower with single pistil.

Answer 8

Simple fleshy

Question 9

What are the 5 types of fleshy fruits?

Answer 9

Drupe, hesperidium, berry, pepo and pome

Question 10

______ are simple fleshy fruit with a single seed enclosed by hard stony endocarp (pit)

Answer 10

Drupe

Question 11

Peaches, almonds and olives are examples of what fleshy fruit?

Answer 11

Drupes

Question 12

______ fleshy fruits from a compound ovary, with more than one seed, and with fleshy pericarp.

Answer 12

Berry

Question 13

True berries have ______ skin and a relatively soft ______.

Answer 13

Thin, pericarp

Question 14

Tomatoes, grapes, peppers, blueberries, bananas are example of what fleshy fruits?

Answer 14

True berries

Question 15

______ have relatively thick rind.

Answer 15

Pepo

Question 16

Pumpkins and cucumbers are examples of what type of fleshy fruit?

Answer 16

Pepo

Question 17

______ have leathery skin containing oil.

Answer 17

Hesperidium

Question 18

Citrus fruits are what type of fleshy fruit?

Answer 18

Hesperidium

Question 19

______ fruit are when Flesh comes from enlarged floral tube or receptacle that grows up around ovary.

Answer 19

Pome

Question 20

Apples and pears are examples of what type of fleshy fruit.

Answer 20

Pome

Question 21

There are two types of dry fruits, ______ fruits split at maturity while ______ fruits do not.

Answer 21

Dehiscent, indehiscent

Question 22

What are the 5 types of dry dehiscent fruits?

Answer 22

Follicle, silicle, legume, capsule and silique

Question 23

______ fruits splits along one side and includes larkspur, milkweed and peony.

Answer 23

Follicle

Question 24

______ splits along two sides and includes peas, beans, lentils and peanuts.

Answer 24

Legume

Question 25

______ and ______ fruits split along two sides, but seeds on central partition, which is exposed when two halves separate and include mustard family, broccoli and cabbage.

Answer 25

Siliques and silicles

Question 26

______ fruits Consist of at least two carpels, and split in a variety of ways and include irises, poppies, violets and snapdragons.

Answer 26

Capsule

Question 27

What are the 5 types of dry indehiscent fruits?

Answer 27

Achene, nut, grain (caryopsis), samara, and schizocarp

Question 28

______ fruits have the base of seed attached to pericarp and include sunflower seed, buttercup and buckwheat.

Answer 28

Achene

Question 29

______ fruits are similar to achene, but larger, with harder and thicker pericarp, and a cluster of bracts at base and include acorns, hazelnuts and hickory nuts.

Answer 29

Nuts

Question 30

______ fruits have their pericarp tightly united with seed and include corn, what, rice and barely.

Answer 30

Grain (caryopsis)

Question 31

In ______ fruits, their Pericarp extends as wings for dispersal and include maples, ashes and elms.

Answer 31

Samara

Question 32

______ fruits are Twin fruit that breaks into one-seeded segments that include parsley, carrots anise and dill.

Answer 32

Schizocarp

Question 33

______ fruits are derived from single flower with several to many pistils that includes raspberries, strawberries and blackberries.

Answer 33

Aggregate fruits

Question 34

______ fruits are derived from several to many individual flowers in single inflorescence that includes mulberries, pineapple and figs.

Answer 34

Multiple fruits

Question 35

Samaras, plumes or hairs on fruit use dispersal by?

Answer 35

Wind

Question 36

Seeds with small and lightweight, or with wings use dispersal by?

Answer 36

Wind

Question 37

Seeds pass through digestive tract, fruits and seeds adhere to fur or feathers, and oils attract ants are examples of dispersal by?

Answer 37

Animals

Question 38

Fruits that contain trapped air for flotation can be dispersed by?

Answer 38

Water

Question 39

______ are food storage organs that function as “seed leaves”.

Answer 39

Cotyledons

Question 40

_____ consists of the cotyledon and plantlet.

Answer 40

Embryo

Question 41

______ is the embryo shoot.

Answer 41

Plumule

Question 42

What is the epicotyl?

Answer 42

Stem above cotyledon attachment

Question 43

What is the hypocotyl?

Answer 43

Stem below cotyledon attachment

Question 44

______ is the tip of embryo that develops into root.

Answer 44

Radicle

Question 45

______ is the beginning or resumption of seed growth.

Answer 45

Germination

Question 46

______ is the artificial breaking of dormancy.

Answer 46

Scarification

Question 47

True or False: After ripening, the embryo is composed of only of few cells when fruit ripens and seeds will not germinate until embryo develops.

Answer 47

True

Question 48

______ is no period of dormancy and embryo continues to grow while fruit is still on parent.

Answer 48

Vivipary

Question 49

How is viability extended in fruits and seeds?

Answer 49

When kept dry and at low temperatures