Fuctional Groups Important to Living Systems (Exam 1)

Question 1

Hydroxyl Functional Group

Answer 1

R-OH

polar
H-bonds with water
allows linkages with other molecules (condensation rxns)

Question 2

Aldehyde

Answer 2

R-C=O
H

C=O very reactive
important in building molecules
allows linkages with other molecules (condensation rxns)

Question 3

Keto

Answer 3

R-C-R
ll
O

important in carbs and in energy reactions

Question 4

carboxyl

Answer 4

R-C=O
l
OH

acidic
ionizes in living tissue
enters into condensation rxns by giving up -OH

Question 5

Amino

Answer 5

R-N-H
H

basic
accepts H+ to form NH3+
enters condensation by giving up H+

Question 6

Phosphate

Answer 6

R-PO4 2-

Acidic
enters into condensation by giving up -OH
when bonded to another phosphate hydrolysis releases much energy

Question 7

Sulfhydryl

Answer 7

R-SH

Two -SH groups can react to form a disulfide bridge: S-S (give up H)
stabilize protein structure

Question 8

Sulfhydryl

Answer 8

R-SH

Two -SH groups can react to form a disulfide bridge: S-S (give up H)
stabilize protein structure