Flashcards in Function of Cerebellum-Basal Ganglia Deck (23):
1
What is feedforward control?
using sensory data to calculate a state that is coming at some future time (a predicted state)
2
The ____ conveys joint angle calculations to the premotor cortices (Brodmann's area 6), which calculates the difference btw current and desired location.
parietal cortex
3
The parietal cortex conveys joint angle calculations to the _____ (Brodmann's area 6), which calculates the difference btw current and desired location.
premotor cortices
4
The ____ conveys joint angle calculations to the premotor cortices (Brodmann's area ____), which calculates the difference btw current and desired location.
6
5
The ____ conveys joint angle calculations to the premotor cortices (Brodmann's area 6), which calculates _____.
the difference btw current and desired location
6
The cerebro-cerebellum's _____ arise from the contralateral pontine gray, and these are innervated by cortico-pontine fibers descending through the internal capsule.
mossy fibers
7
The cerebro-cerebellum's mossy fibers arise from the _____, and these are innervated by cortico-pontine fibers descending through the internal capsule.
contralateral pontine gray
8
The cerebro-cerebellum's mossy fibers arise from the contralateral pontine gray, and these are innervated by ______ descending through the internal capsule.
cortico-pontine fibers
9
The cerebro-cerebellum's mossy fibers arise from the contralateral pontine gray, and these are innervated by cortico-pontine fibers descending through the _____.
internal capsule
10
The error signal is conveyed by climbing fibers to the _____, which initiate complex spikes in purkinje cells.
cerebellar cortex
11
The error signal is conveyed by climbing fibers to the cerebellar cortex, which initiate complex spikes in ____.
purkinje cells
12
When the motor cortices convey instructions to ______ to generate a movement of a certain force, the same command is also relayed to the gamma motor neurons in the ventral gray matter of the spinal cord.
alpha motor neurons
13
When the motor cortices convey instructions to alpha motor neurons to generate a movement of a certain force, the same command is also relayed to the _____ in the ventral gray matter of the spinal cord.
gamma motor neurons
14
When the motor cortices convey instructions to alpha motor neurons to generate a movement of a certain force, the same command is also relayed to the gamma motor neurons in the ______ of the spinal cord.
ventral gray matter
15
What is alpha-gamma coactivation??
when the motor cortices convey instructions to alpha motor neurons to generate a movement of a certain force and the same command is also relayed to the gamma motor neurons in the ventral gray matter of the spinal cord
16
What is a prediction error?
the difference btw the actual outcome and the predicted outcome
17
What happens when the desired outcome is received?
there is a spike in the # of APs produced by the dopaminergic neuron in the SNc and VTA
18
What neurons are strongly activated by an unpredicted reward?
the SNc/VTA
19
For the basal ganglia, the input from _____ provides the error signal; for the cerebellum, it arises from the neurons in the ION.
dopaminergic neurons
20
For the basal ganglia, the input from dopaminergic neurons provides the error signal; for the _____, it arises from the neurons in the ION.
cerebellum
21
For the basal ganglia, the input from dopaminergic neurons provides the error signal; for the cerebellum, it arises from the neurons in the _____.
ION
22
____ input to the cerebellar cortex serves as the "critic" that modifies parallel fiber-purkinje cell synapses.
Inferior olivary (IO)
23