Fundamentals Exam 2

Question 1

___ is a form of protein energy and nutrient malnutrition
*Occurring chiefly in the first year of life, characterized by growth retardation and wasting of subcutaneous fat and muscle

Answer 1

Marasmus

Question 2

___ is a condition occurring in infants and young children soon after weaning from breast milk

Answer 2

Kwashiorkor

Question 3

How does Kwashiorkor differ from marasmus?

Answer 3

adequate energy from other nutrients may be consumed; however, the diet is deficient in protein

Question 4

the organ of digestion

Answer 4

Small Intestine

Question 5

absorbs fluid and electrolytes

Answer 5

large intestine

Question 6

converts food into chemical substances such as proteins and simple sugars to be used by the body for energy production and cellular metabolism

Answer 6

Digestion

Question 7

supplies approximately 4 calories/gram

Answer 7

Protein

Question 8

supply approximately 9 calories/gram

Answer 8

Fats

Question 9

___ is given as drug treatment

Answer 9

Thiamine

Question 10

The LPN’s responsibility in the nursing process includes tasks such as:

Answer 10

Data collection
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation

Question 11

Nursing process purpose:

The most important outcome of the nursing process for nurses was to provide a structure for ____ before acting as well as implementing a _________.

Answer 11

thinking; communication process

Question 12

Using a glass thermometer:

must be left in place, under the _____, for at least _____ to be accurate

Answer 12

tongue;
3 minutes

Question 13

Using a glass thermometer:

-Should not be _____ in unconscious, confused, or agitated patients
-read _____ at eye level

Answer 13

used orally;
horizontally

Question 14

Affects of reduced stroke volume:

Answer 14

affects pulse character

Question 15

Define and identify examples of Cheyne-Stokes respirations

Answer 15

Dyspnea (shortness of breath) followed by a short period of apnea (absence of breath)

Question 16

Obtaining an accurate respiratory rate:

Respirations should be counted for ___ seconds and multiplied by ____

Answer 16

30;
2

Question 17

Obtaining an accurate respiratory rate:

In case of a very ill patient or one who has irregular respirations, count for _____

Answer 17

one full minute

Question 18

Increased levels of ____ or lower levels of _____ in the blood cause an increase in the respiratory rate

Answer 18

carbon dioxide;
oxygen

Question 19

Obtaining an apical pulse:

Locate the apical pulse at the ____ intercostal space in the _____ line

Answer 19

fifth;
midclavicular

Question 20

exaggerated lumbar curve

Answer 20

Lordosis

Question 21

increased forward curve of the thoracic area (hunch)

Answer 21

Kyphosis

Question 22

pronounced lateral curvature of the spine (S shaped)

Answer 22

Scoliosis

Question 23

Organic compounds that are the chief components of proteins

Answer 23

Amino acids

Question 24

Amino acid sources include:

Answer 24

red meat, eggs, milk and milk products, poultry, fish

Question 25

Complex carbohydrates effects on glucose levels:

Answer 25

Provide a more consistent serum glucose level than simple sugars provide

Question 26

Low cholesterol diet choices:

Answer 26

Vegetable oils, low-fat dairy products, fish, poultry

Question 27

Assessment definition:

Answer 27

gathering patient information (vitals, health history)

Question 28

Planning definition:

Answer 28

developing a care plan/setting goals