Fundamentals of organisng

Question 1

What are the steps in controlling

Answer 1

monitoring performance
comparing it with goals
taking corrective actions

Question 2

What is organisational control

Answer 2

systematic process
regulate org. activities
consistent with expectations established in
plans, targets, standards of performance

Question 3

Why is control needed

Answer 3

adapting to change and uncertainty
detecting irregularities and errors
reducing costs, increasing productivity, adding value
identifying opportunities
dealing with complexities
decentralising decision-making, facilitating teamwork

Question 4

Why is there uncertainty?

Answer 4

org. goals are future oriented

set on basis on present knowledge

Question 5

How is uncertainty overcomed with controlling systems?

Answer 5

can monitor changes in environment

react quickly

Question 6

Why is detecting irregularities and errors early important

Answer 6

save large amount of resources

Question 7

What are some irregularities?

Answer 7

product defects
cost overrun
staff turnover
customer complaints

Question 8

What kind of costs do control systems reduce?

Answer 8

labour

wastage

Question 9

In what aspects are there increased productivity

Answer 9

increased product delivery cycles

Question 10

What are some opportunities?

Answer 10

competitive prices on materials
population trends
overseas markets

Question 11

How does controlling help to identify opportunities?

Answer 11

alert managers

bring to notice

Question 12

How do controls deal with complexities?

Answer 12

keep track of major elements

enhance co-ordination

Question 13

What levels of control are there?

Answer 13

strategic
tactical
operational

Question 14

What does strategic control involve?

Answer 14

monitoring critical environment
assess effects of strategic plan
implementation of strategic plans

Question 15

Who takes care of strategic control? WHy/

Answer 15

top management

organisation-wide persepctive

Question 16

What is the time frame for strategic control

Answer 16

long-term

quarterly - anually

Question 17

What is tactical control

Answer 17

implementation of tactical plans
monitor periodic results
taking corrective actions
monitor specific internal and external forces

Question 18

Who is concerned with tactical control

Answer 18

middle manageres

Question 19

What is the time frame for tactical control

Answer 19

middle term

weekly or monthly

Question 20

What is operational control

Answer 20

oversee implementation of operating plans
monitor results
take corrective actions

Question 21

What is the timeframe for operational control

Answer 21

short term
daily
hourly
weekly

Question 22

What are the scopes/areas of control

Answer 22

physical resource
human resource
information resource
financial resource

Question 23

What is physical resource control?

Answer 23

control over tangible products
buildings
equipment

Question 24

What is human resource control

Answer 24

regulate employee performance

behaviour

Question 25

What is involved in information resource control

Answer 25

production schedules sales and marketing forecasting analyses competition, environment

Question 26

What is financial resource

Answer 26

control of money and budget

Question 27

What are the types of control methods

Answer 27

feedforward concurrent feedback

Question 28

The types of control methods vary in

Answer 28

timing

Question 29

What is feedforward control

Answer 29

future-oriented | take place before work is performed

Question 30

What is the aim of feedforward control

Answer 30

prevent anticipated problems | control quality and quantity of resources

Question 31

What is concurrent control

Answer 31

present oriented | take place while work is performed

Question 32

What is concurrent control aiming for?

Answer 32

monitor on-going activities | consistent with established standards

Question 33

What is feedback

Answer 33

past oriented | measures taken after work

Question 34

What is intended in feedback

Answer 34

correct problems

Question 35

What are the styles of implementing controls?

Answer 35

bureaucratic | decentralised

Question 36

What are the mechanisms of bureaucratic control

Answer 36

rules and procedures hierarchy of authority management control systems technology

Question 37

What are the elements in decentralised control

Answer 37

corporate culture peer group control self control technology

Question 38

What is the controlling process

Answer 38

establish performance standards measure performance compare performance against standards take corrective action

Question 39

What is the purpose of standards?

Answer 39

employees understand what is expected detect deficiencies reduce negative effects

Question 40

What does the manager have to decide on in measuring performance

Answer 40

how often means measure