Fungi

Question 1

Propagule

Answer 1

Unit that can give rise to another organism

Question 2

Conidia

Answer 2

Propagules formed asexually by breaking off of cells or differentiated branches

Question 3

Arthroconidia

Answer 3

Conidia released by hyphae fragmentation

Question 4

Dematiaceous

Answer 4

Fungus having a brown or black melanotic pigment in the cell wall

Question 5

KOH/Wet Prep

Answer 5

Skin fungal testing

Solution dissolves human/bacterial cell walls

Question 6

Calcofluor white

Answer 6

Invasive fungal testing

Binds chitin in cell wall

Question 7

Gomori methenamine silver (GMS)

Answer 7

Tissue biopsies/specimen for fungi detection

Question 8

Mucicarmine

Answer 8

Stains capsule of Cryptococcus pink-red

Question 9

Polyene abx bind ____ and disrupt fungal cell membranes.

Answer 9

ergosterol

Question 10

_______ associates with polymerized microtubules and disrupt fungal mitosis.

Answer 10

Griseofulvin

Question 11

Griseofulvin

Answer 11

Associated with polymerized microtubules and disrupts fungal mitosis.

Question 12

______ are pyrimidine analogs and interfere with fungal DNA/RNA synthesis.

Answer 12

Antimetabolites

Question 13

____ block ergosterol synthesis by binding and inhibiting fungal CYP enz lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase.

Answer 13

Azoles

Question 14

Azoles

Answer 14

Block ergosterol synthesis by binding and inhibiting fungal CYP enz lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase

Question 15

Allylamines

Answer 15

Block ergosterol synthesis at squalene epoxidase

Question 16

_____ blocks ergosterol synthesis at squalene epoxidase.

Answer 16

Allylamines

Question 17

Glucan synthesis inhibitors

Answer 17

block synthesis of glucans.

Question 18

Aspergillosis keywords

Answer 18

1. potentially invasive mould
2. glucamannan ag testing
3. Bats/avian
4. Spectrum
   (a) ABPA
   (b) Aspergilloma in existing cavity
   (c) Semi-invasive aspergillosis
   (d) Invasive aspergillosis

Question 19

Candida

Answer 19

1. C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei (=fluconazole-resistant)
2. # 3 cause of CLABSI
3. Plastics/medical devices/immunocompromised
4. Hepatosplenic candidiasis

Question 20

Zygomycosis

Answer 20

1. Rhizomucor, Mucor, and Rhizopus
2. Rhinocerebral or pulmonary dz
3. Diabetic, deferoxamine
4. Culturable species = lid-lifters
5. Posaconazole

Question 21

Pneumocytis jiroveci (PCP)

Answer 21

Major AIDS opportunistic

1. Pneumocystosis = Interstitial pneumonia
   (a) AIDS pts, CD4

Question 22

Cryptococcus

Answer 22

1. PNW, Cali, Aus (eucalyptus trees)
2. LEADING CAUSE of FUNGAL MENINGITIS
3. Encapsulated (mucicarmine/India Ink stain)

Question 23

Penicilliosis marneffei

Answer 23

1. SE Asia
2. HIV
3. Skin lesions face & trunk
4. Fission septae

Question 24

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Answer 24

1. “S American Blastomycosis”
2. Oro-labial lesions
3. Pilot’s wheel budding pattern (as opposed to broad based budding in blastomycosis)

Question 25

Blastomycosis

Answer 25

1. Common in Midwest to W. Appalachian area 2. Pneumonia-like sxs 3. Potential spread to skin & bones 4. broad based budding blasto

Question 26

Histoplasmosis

Answer 26

1. Common in Iowa 2. Bats/avian 3. Pulmonary damage +/- dissemination via RES 4. look for acorns (intra- & extracellular yeast) 5. Histoplasma Ag testing

Question 27

Coccidioidomycosis

Answer 27

1. "Valley fever" - CA/AZ 2. >65 y/o snowbirds 3. TB-like 4. Nodular lung lesions (5%) 5. Dissemination (1%) 6. Spherules & alternating barrel-shaped arthroconidia