G55: Larynx Flashcards

(59 cards)

1
Q

Larynx function

A

produce voice, connect pharynx to trachea, respiratory system, patency of airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Level of larynx

A

C3-C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cartilages that make up the larynx

A

thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic,(unpaired) arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform (paired)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

large, hyaline cartilage, 2 lamina fused, laryngeal prominence, thyroid notch, superior horn attached to hyoid, inferior horn articulates with cricoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage; ONLY complete ring, narrow in front, wide in back, articulate with inferior horns of thyroid cartilage and arytenoid cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Epiglottic cartilage

A

Elastic, behind root of tongue, attached to thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What ligament attaches the epiglottic cartilage and thyroid cartilage?

A

Thyroepiglottic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What ligament attaches the epiglottic cartilage and hyoid bone?

A

Hyoepiglottic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arytenoid cartilage

A

Hyaline, pyramidal, base articulate with cricoid, apex points posterior and medially, 2 processes - vocal and muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

A

projects into interior of the larynx, pointing toward thyroid cartilage, vocal ligament attaches here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

A

projects laterally, process is short and blunt attachment site for posterior cricoarytenoid and lateral cricoarytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Corniculate cartilage

A

elastic, on apex of arytenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cuneiform cartilage

A

elastic, aryepiglottic folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thyrohyoid membrane

A

runs between hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage; pierced by SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL A and INTERNAL LARYNGEAL N

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Quadrangular membrane

A

from lateral margin of epiglottis to arytenoid cartilage; upper edge - aryepiglottic fold, lower edge under vestibular fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Median cricothyroid ligament:

A

elastic tissue connecting cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Vocal ligament

A

vocal process of arytenoid cartilage to posterior surface of thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

cricovocal membrane

A

attached to vocal ligament superiorly and cricoid cartilage inferiorly and laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Conus elasticus

A

median cricothyroid ligament + cricovocal membreane (ILL-DEFINED)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cricothyroid joint

A

inferior horn of thyroid and criocoid; rotary and gliding motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Cricoarytenoid joint

A

base of arytenoid cartilage and posterior surface of cricoid cartilage; gliding and rotation movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Extrinsic muscles of larynx

A

attach on outer surface, move whole larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ELEVATORS OF larynx

A

THYROHYOID, STYLOPHARYNGEUS, PALATOPHARYNGEUS AND SUPRAHYOID via thyrohyoid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

DEPRESSORS OF larynx

A

STERNOTHYROID, OMOHYOID, STERNOHYOID

25
Cricothyroid attachments
cricoid to inferior horn of thyroid cartilage
26
Cricothyroid Action
tenses and elongates vocal ligament (tilts thyroid anterior)
27
Cricothyroid innervation
external branch of Superior laryngeal n
28
Posterior cricoarytenoid attachment
posterior cricoid to MUSCULAR process of arytenoid
29
Posterior cricoarytenoid action
opens rima glottidis (abducts vocal folds)
30
Posterior cricoarytenoid innervation
recurrent (inferior) laryngeal n.
31
Lateral cricoarytenoid attachment
lateral side of cricoid to muscular process of arytenoid
32
Lateral cricoarytenoid action
closes rima glottidis (adducts vocal folds)
33
Lateral cricoarytenoid innervation
recurrent (inferior) laryngeal n.
34
Arytenoid attachment
posterior sufaces of adjacent arytenoid cartilage
35
Arytenoid action
closes rima glottidis (arytenoid approximate)
36
Arytenoid innervation
recurrent (inferior) laryngeal n.
37
Thyroarytenoid attachment
inner surface of thyroid cartilage inserts on base of arytenoid cartilage (medial portion inserts on vocal process
38
Thyroarytenoid action
decreases tension on vocal ligament by drawing thyroid and arytenoid closer together
39
Two muscles of the thyroarytenoid m
vocalis: thyroid to vocal process of arytenoid | thyroepiglottic m: prolonged fibers of thyroarytenoid along the aryepiglottic fold
40
Action of Vocalis
produce high tones, increase tension in part
41
Laryngeal aditus
superior opening into larynx from pharynx
42
Vestibule
immediate opening between epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds
43
Vestibular folds
upper fold; thick ridge of mucosa
44
Vocal folds
lower fold; enclose vocal ligaments and part of arytenoid cartilage
45
Ventricle
lies between to vestibular and vocal folds
46
Rima Vestibuli
opening between the vestibular folds
47
Rima glottidis
opening between the vocal folds
48
Glottis
Rima glottidis + vocal folds (and parts of the arytenoid cartilage)
49
Infraglottic cavity
space below vocal folds; continuous inferiorly with trachea
50
Innervation to larynx
Branches of Vagus - internal laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal
51
Internal laryngeal n
branch of superior laryngeal n. supplies sensory above the vocal folds; pierces the thyrohyoid membrane
52
Motor innervation to the cricothyroid m
external branch of superior laryngeal m
53
When does the recurrent laryngeal become the inferior laryngeal?
level of superior to cricothyroid joint
54
All other intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by...
recurrent laryngeal n
55
What structures need you be worried about in a tonsillectomy?
facial a/v and glossopharyngeal
56
What structures may be damaged by thyroid surgery?
recurrent laryngeal n.
57
unilateral section of recurrent laryngeal will cause
hoarseness
58
bilateral section of recurrent laryngeal will cause
suffocation, cricothyroid closes rima glottidis and its innervated by internal laryngeal (unopposed action)
59
Blood supply to larynx
Superior laryngeal a from the superior thyroid a (external carotid) courses with internal laryngeal n. Inferior laryngeal a from inferior thyroid a (thyrocervical trunk) courses with recurrent laryngeal (anastomosis)