Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ABD/SMALL PARTS I > Gallbladder/Biliary System > Flashcards

Gallbladder/Biliary System Flashcards

1
Q

The gallbladder is divided into what 3 parts

A

neck
body
fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the name of the valve that controls the bile flow in the cystic duct

A

Heister’s Valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When performing a gallbladder ultrasound you must evaluate what 4 areas of anatomy

A

gallbladder
common bile duct
liver
pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The portal vein and hepatic artery flow is ____ the liver

A

toward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The flow in the bile ducts is _____ from the liver

A

away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

connection from the gallbladder to the bile ducts

A

Cystic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What two things converge to form the CBD, which carries bile from the liver to the duodenum

A

Cystic Duct

Common Hepatic Duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is known as the Wirsung’s duct and joins to enter the duodenum at the Ampulla of Vater

A

CBD

main pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Muscular “gatekeeper” that relaxes to allow bile/pancreatic enzymes from the ampulla of vater to the duodenum

A

Sphincter of Oddi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name 3 types of folds of the gallbladder and where they occur

A

Hartmann’s- neck
Phrygian Cap- fundus
Junctional Fold- between body and infundibuim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the term for removal of the Gallbladder

A

cholecystectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is there any expected change in size of the CBD after the gallbladder is removed? How?

A

Yes

dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the appearance of the Gallbladder if the patient is not NPO

A

small and thick walled due to its contracted state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The purpose of changing the patient’s position during the exam is to demonstrate what

A

The mobility of gallstones and to make sure that no stones are lodged in the neck of cystic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The gallbladder should be less that ___cm in the anterior/posterior dimension from the transverse plane

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The gallbladder wall should measure less than

A

3 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Where is the CBD routinely measured

A

At the point where right hepatic artery courses between the main portal vein and the bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Typically, the CBD should be

A

5-6 mm or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The CBD diameter increases with age. After 60 the normal CBD diameter increases

A

1mm per decade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is round and distended, non-inflamed GB due to obstruction of the cystic duct

A

Hydrops/Mucocele

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is demonstrated when a pt. indicates exquisite tenderness of the rt costal margin over the area of the gallbladder. Is this an indication of disease?

A

Murphy’s sign

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name 4 appearances signs associated with dilated intrahepatic ducts

A

Parallel channel sign
double barrel shot gun
stellate confluence
too many tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

“fatty” hormone that may be administered which causes the gallbladder to contract

A

cholecystokinin

24
Q

If a patient was positive for obstruction the gallbladder would appear

A

distended (fat)

25
Q

What are the 5 Fs of gallbladder disease

A 
female
fertile
forty
fair
fat
26
Q

Name 4 primary causes of Gallbladder wall thickening

A

Cholecystitis
AIDS
Cancer
Adenomyomatosis

27
Q

gravity dependent, non-shadowing, echogenic material, made up of calcium bilirubinate granules and cholesterol crystals

A

GB sludge

28
Q

Term for inflammation of the gallbaldder

A

cholecystitis

29
Q

The symptoms of Cholecystitis include

A 
RUQ pain
Murphys sign
possible fever
gallstones
elevated WBC
diffuse GB wall thickening
30
Q

An elevation of what suggests obstruction at the ampulla of vater

A

amylase

31
Q

What of the gallbladder involves purulent material (pus) within the gallbladder due to bacteria-containing bile

A

Empyema

32
Q

What is the technical term for gallstones

A

Choleithiasis

33
Q

What are the 3 diagnostic criteria for gallstones

A

echogenic
posterior shadow
mobility

34
Q

What is the WES sign short for

A

Wall Echo Shadow

35
Q

What is another name for the WES sign that could be used for that sonographic appearance

A

double arc

36
Q

What pathology is the term WES referring to

A

gallbladder full of stones

37
Q

What is the technical term for gas in the biliary tree

A

pneumobilia

38
Q

What condition is also known as strawberry gallbladder

A

cholesterolosis

39
Q

The mortality rate for Gallbladder Carcinoma is near

A

100%

40
Q

What % of patients with GB Carcinoma will also have cholelithiasis (gallstones)

A

80-90

41
Q

Name 3 sonographic appearances of GB carcinoma

A

focal thickening of GB wall
intraluminnal GB mass
GB replaced by mass

42
Q

Absence of the extrahepatic biliary tree and is suspected in infants and jaundice

A

Biliary Atresia

43
Q

inflammation of the bile ducts, usually due to infection secondary to intestinal infection

A

cholangitis

44
Q

What are the symptoms of Cholangitis

A

fever
jaundice
RUQ pain

45
Q

extraheptic biliary obstruction due to an impacted stone in the cystic duct, causing mechanical compression of the common hepatic duct

A

Mirizz Syndrome

46
Q

cholangiocarcinoma is also known as

A

Klatskin tumor

47
Q

Tumor that occurs at the bifurcation of the common hepatic duct into right and left. It results in intra-hepatic but not extra-hepatic duct dilation

A

cholangiocarcinoma

48
Q

The 2 most common lessions causing biliary obstruction are

A

gallstones

carcinoma of the head of the pancreas

49
Q

What labs are typically elevated with biliary obstruction

A

serum alkaline phosphatase
conjugated bilirubin
GGT (gamma-glutamyl)

50
Q

An obstruction in the distal portion of the CBD will result in dilation of

A

extra & intra-hepatic duct

51
Q

What does the term choledocholithiasis mean

A

stones in the bile duct

52
Q

What is the most common cause of choledocholithiasis

A

extra-hepatic obstructive jaundice

53
Q

What diagnostic tests may be performed if choledocholithiasis is suspected

A

ERCP
PTC
CT
ultrasound

54
Q

rare condition caused by weakness in the bile duct wall, causing cystic dilation of the intra and extra-hepatic bile ducts

A

choledochal cyst

55
Q

What is the sonographic appearance of the choledochal cyst

A

2 cystic structures in RUQ:

  1. Gallbladder
  2. the dilated ducts
56
Q

In what part of the world are choledochal cyst prevalent

A

asia

57
Q

Most common cause of malignant neoplasm obstructing the biliary tree

A

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

ABD/SMALL PARTS I (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions