Gametogenesis (oogenesis) V

Question 1

What are the two types of oogenesis in nature?

Answer 1

Continuous and finite

Question 2

What is continuous oogenesis?

Answer 2

oogenesis from self-sustaining population of mitotically dividing oogonia

Question 3

What are oogonia?

Answer 3

Germ cells that end up forming oocytes

Question 4

What do the oogonia in continuous oogenesis resemble?

Answer 4

Spermatogonia

Question 5

What is finite oogenesis?

Answer 5

generated in embryo: development arrested - small numbers periodically resume meiosis

Question 6

Examples of organisms that do continuous oogenesis?

Answer 6

Fish, amphibians, sea urchins, nisects

Question 7

Examples of organisms that do finite oogenesis?

Answer 7

Mammals, reptiles, birds

Question 8

How can mammalian oogenesis be divided?

Answer 8

Phases I, II and III

Question 9

Phase I of mammalian oogenesis?

Answer 9

PGC specification of oogonia

Question 10

Phase II of mammalian oogenesis?

Answer 10

oogonia differentiate into primary oocytes and enter meiosis

Question 11

Phase III of mammalian oogenesis?

Answer 11

oocyte maturation after sexual maturity

Question 12

Where does mammalian oogenesis take place?

Answer 12

Ovaries

Question 13

What supports the oocyte in the ovaries during oogenesis?

Answer 13

Granulosa cells

Question 14

What do granulosa cells become?

Answer 14

Cumulus cells

Question 15

What controls the folicular growth of oogenesis?

Answer 15

Follicle stimulating hormone

Question 16

Where is FSH produced?

Answer 16

Anterior pituitary gland

Question 17

What structure does FSH have?

Answer 17

alpha/beta heterodimer

Question 18

What is follicle atresia?

Answer 18

Apoptosis of granulosa cells

Question 19

What is ovulation stimulated by?

Answer 19

Luteinising hormone

Question 20

Where is LH produced?

Answer 20

Anterior pituitary gland

Question 21

What structure does LH have?

Answer 21

alpha/beta heterodimer

Question 22

Similarities between FSH and LH?

Answer 22

Both produced in anterior pituitary gland
Both have the same alpha subunit

Question 23

What is the zona pellucida?

Answer 23

unique glycoprotein matrix surrounding oocyte

Question 24

What does genetic ablation of the zona pellucda cause?

Answer 24

Infertility

Question 25

What is genetic ablation?

Answer 25

silencing or eliminating gene expression

Question 26

How many glycoproteins does the human/mouse zona pellucida contain?

Answer 26

4/3 ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, (ZP4)

Question 27

When does zona pellucida synthesis occur?

Answer 27

Oocyte growth phase

Question 28

What is the main receptor for initial sperm egg binding?

Answer 28

ZP2

Question 29

When does meiosis resume?

Answer 29

After follicle growth is stimulated by FSH

Question 30

What is the germinal vesicle?

Answer 30

The oocyte nucleus

Question 31

When does breakdown of the germinal vesicle occur?

Answer 31

End of prophase I (diakinesis)

Question 32

What is the first polar body a product of?

Answer 32

Asymmetric cytokinesis

Question 33

What does the polar body contain?

Answer 33

one lot of 1n=2c chromosomes