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chemistry 2022 flashcards > gases > Flashcards

gases Flashcards

1
Q

Gases have ___ intermolecular forces

A

weak

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2
Q

What is the formula for pressure? What is the SI unit and other units?

A

P=F/A

N/m^2 (or 1 Pa), atmospheres, and kPa

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3
Q

What is the conversion factor between atmospheres and pascals?

A

1 atm = 101.325 kPa

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4
Q

What pressure is used to keep measurements the same so they can be compared?

A

Standard Atmospheric Pressure (1 atmosphere)

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5
Q

Gases consist of molecules in ______

A

constant random motion

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6
Q

Gas particles don’t have any ____ and will move in a straight line until they _____

A

attraction or repulsion

collide with another particle or the side of the container

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7
Q

Gas is mostly ___

A

empty space

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8
Q

Collisions between particles are ____

A

elastic (don’t transfer energy, and no energy is lost)

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9
Q

The average KE of the gas depends on the ____

A

temperature of tha gas (and nothing else)

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10
Q

What is Kinetic energy?

A

The energy of movement

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11
Q

What is potential energy?

A

Stored energy that an object has because of its position relative to other objects.

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12
Q

Why does temperature directly affect the kinetic energy of a gas?

A

Because as the temp increase, the particles move more quickly. As the temp decreases, the particles slow down.

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13
Q

What is the formula for KE?

A

KE=(mv^2)/2

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14
Q

The more kinetic energy a gas has, the more ____ its particles will have

A

collisions

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15
Q

What is Boyle’s law and what does it describe

A

Describes the relationship between pressure and volume
P1V1 = P2V2
(the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas)

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16
Q

What does Boyle’s law mean?

A

As the pressure on a gas increases, the volume on the gas decreases.
As the pressure on a gas decreases, the volume of the gas increases

17
Q

Boyles law is only true when …..

A

the number of molecules and the temperature stays the same

18
Q

What is Charles’ law and what does it describe

A

Volume and temperature are directly proportional to each other
V1/T1 = V2/T2
(the volume of a fixed amount of gas at constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (temp in Kelvin) of the gas)

19
Q

What does Charles’ law mean?

A

It means that when the absolute temp (temp in Kelvin) of a gas increases, the volume of the gas increase.
When the temp of a gas decreases, the volume of the gas decreases

20
Q

How do you convert from Celcius to kelvin?

A

C+273=K

21
Q

What is Gay Lussac’s law and what does it describe?

A

pressure and temperature are directly proportional to each other
P1/T1=P2/T2
the pressure of a fixed amount of gas at a constant volume is directly proportional to the absolute temperature (temp in Kelvin) of the gas

22
Q

What does Gay Lussac’s law mean?

A

As the temperature in Kelvin on a gas increases, the pressure of the gas increases
As the temperature on a gas decrease, the pressure on the gas decreases

23
Q

What is the combined gas law?

A

A combination of Boyle’s law, Charles’ law, and Gay Lussacs Law
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

24
Q

What is Avogadro’s law and what does it describe?

A

the volume of gases at the same temp and pressure has the same number of moles
v1/n1=v2/n2
at constant temp and pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas

25
Q

What does Avogadro’s law mean?

A

As the amount of gas increases, the volume of the gas increases.
As the amount of gas decreases, the volume of the gas decreases

26
Q

What is the ideal gas law and what does it describe?

A

Describes the relationship among pressure, volume, temperature, and the amount n of gas
PV=nRT

27
Q

What do all the different values mean in the ideal gas law? (PV = nRT)

A 
P = Pressure
V=volume
n=amount of gas in moles
R=gas constant or 0.0821 L*atm/mol*k 
T=temperature in kelvin
28
Q

How do you re-arrange the ideal gas law to include density?

A

d=m/v=PM/RT

29
Q

What is Dalton’s law of partial pressure and what does it mean?

A

P total = Pa + Pb + Pc + Pd…..

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures of each individual gas

chemistry 2022 flashcards (28 decks)

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