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chemistry 2022 flashcards > labratory equipment > Flashcards

labratory equipment Flashcards

1
Q

What is a beaker? (def)

A

A wide open container with a flat bottom (made out of glass or plastic)

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2
Q

What is a beaker used for?

A

Used to mix, heat, or hold substances

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3
Q

What does a graduated beaker do

A

Give approximate measurements of liquid volumes

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4
Q

The top rim of a beaker has a ____ and a ____ indentation that allows liquids to be easily poured from it

A

lip

curved

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5
Q

What is a flask? (definition)

A

a glass container with a thin neck and a rounded base

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6
Q

What are flasks used for?

A

To measure, heat, or store liquids

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7
Q

What does the neck of the flask allow?

A

Clamps to be attatched or stoppers to be placed

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8
Q

List the three different types of flask

A
  • erlenmeyer flask
  • florence flask
  • volumetric flask
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9
Q

Describe an erlenmeyer flask (3)

A
  • cone shaped base
  • often used during filtration/titration
  • wide bottom allows liquids to be heated quickly
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10
Q

which type of flask is often used in the processes of filtration and titration?
(process where solid particles removed from fluid by filter medium/process where a solution with a known ratio of parts is used to determine how much of a part there is in another solution)

A

Erlenmeyer flask

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11
Q

describe a florence flask (3)

A
  • round/spherish flask with a rounded or flat base.
  • liquid contained heats evenly due to shape
  • stronger than other flasks.
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12
Q

Which flask is used to boil liquids for distillation (liquid vaporized then condensed for separation) processes and can handle extreme temps/temp changes?

A

florence flask

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13
Q

Describe a volumetric flask (3)

A
  • pear shaped/raindrop base, long neck
  • usually with a stopper
  • always marked to hold a specific amount, and only that amount
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14
Q

Which flask is used to accurately measure liquids to a fixed volume or to create solutions with fixed volumes?

A

Volumetric flask

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15
Q

What is a test tube? (definition)

A

A cylinder glass tube with a rounded bottom

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16
Q

What is a test tube used for?

A

Holding or heating small amounts of a substance

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17
Q

How is a test tube held?

A

Held upright using clamps or test tube holders

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18
Q

What is a buret/burette?

A

long glass cylinder used to measure and dispence an amount of liquid

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19
Q

What does a burette look like?

A

Cylinder open at top, bottom comes together into tip. Stopcock valve attatched to bottom, above tip, which regulates amount of liquid flowing

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20
Q

Burettes are often used for _____ with an Erlenmeyer flask below the tip of the buret,

A

titrations

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21
Q

What is a graduated cylinder?

A

A tall cylinder used to measure volume of a liquid

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22
Q

Volume of a liquid in a graduated cylinder is measured from the _____

A

bottom of the meniscus

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23
Q

What is a meniscus?

A

An inward curve at a liquid’ surface

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24
Q

What are graduated cylinders often used to measure besides liquids?

A

The volume of an irregular solid (through displacement)

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25
Q

Mass is measured by devices known as _____

A

balances

26
Q

What do balances do?

A

measure mass by comparing the unknown mass of an object to the known mass of another object

27
Q

How does a triple beam balance measure mass?

A

compares an object’s mass to the mass of predetermined weights (riders)

28
Q

The triple beam balance has a pan connected to ___ beams marked with certain measurements, each carrying a different ____ (____) with a known mass. On the other end of the beams is a __, which shows when the device is balanced

A

three

riders

pre-determined weight

pointer

29
Q

To measure the mass of the object on the pan (triple beam balance), predetermined weights moved across beam until pointer shows that ____. _______ on all 3 beam balances is the mass

A

the riders and the object on the pan are balanced

Total sum of the values the riders stopped at

30
Q

What is an analytical balance?

A

A single pan balance that is electronic. pan enclosed within deice.

31
Q

How is mass measured in an analytical balance?

A

Empty container mass measured, then mass of substance in container measure. Mass together - empty container mass = mass of substance.

32
Q

What is the tare and tare weight?

A

Tare = mass of empty container

tare weight = weight of empty container

33
Q

What is taring?

A

Taring is when the mass of a substance is measured by substracting the mass of the container from the mass of both the container and substance

34
Q

What is a thermometer (if you don’t get this right, so help me-)

A

thin graduated glass tube used to measure temperature.

-bulb on one end that holds a fluid that expands when heated.

35
Q

Markings on thermometer generally dictated by two reference points, the ___ and ____

A

freezing point of water

boiling point of water

36
Q

What do digital thermostats measure temp using? What does that thing have?

A

Thermistors, which contain a semiconductor substance (conducts electric current well at high but not low temps). Microchip measures how much electrical current. converts into temp movement

37
Q

What device is used to measure the pressure of a fluid?

A

Manometer

38
Q

Manometers are usually used to measure pressures close to _____

A

atmospheric pressure

39
Q

How do manometers measure pressure? What is Po? What is Pa? What is H?

A

Based on the height difference between the liquid in two legs of the “U” shape. The two different legs are hooked up to two different pressure sources.

  • Po is the reference pressure (pressure in the leg exposed to atmosphere)
  • Pa is the test pressure, or the pressure of the leg where the pressure you are testing is.
  • H is the difference between Po and Pa
40
Q

What is a barometer?

A

A type of manometer used to measure atmospheric pressure

41
Q

Mercury barometers are often used in ____

A

weather reporting

42
Q

Most pressure gauges today are ____. They have a _____, which ____ when pressure increases, and turns a pointer as it ____.

A

Aneroid (without fluid)

coiled tube (bourdon tube)

contracts like a spring

coils and uncoils

43
Q

Who developed the first mercury barometer? What unit of pressure is named after them?

A

Evangelista Torricelli

the Torr

44
Q

What is a pipette?

A

A device used to measure liquids and move them between containers

45
Q

How is a liquid drawn into a pipette?

A

Suction as a vacuum is created within the pipette

46
Q

Name the two different kinds of pipette

A

Pasteur pipette and volumetric pipette.

47
Q

What is a Pasteur pipette? Is it accurate?

A

A long skinny tube with a bulb at one end (looks like an eye dropper). Does not do accurate measurements

48
Q

What is a volumetric pipette? Is it accurate? Do they come in different sizes

A

A long skinny tube with a wider bit in the middle and a suction thing at an end.
Accurately measure a specific volume of liquid.
Come in different sizes

49
Q

What is a bunsen burner?

A

A gas burner with a single steady flame

50
Q

Where does the flame burn on a bunsen burner?

A

Above a vertical metal tube connected to a gas source

51
Q

What is the “collar” on a bunsen burner?

A

The collar controls the amount of air that mies with fuel, and as such, affects the quality of the flame. Can be rotated to change amount of air.

52
Q

What is the “valve” on a bunsen burner?

A

A valve controls the amount of air that flows into the bunsen burner

53
Q

How are the collar and valve of a bunsen burner in relation to each other (physically)?

A

The valve is slightly beneath (?) the collar. The valve looks like a long screw while the collar looks like a tube of metal

54
Q

What is a crucible? (def)

A

A special high temp porcelain container used to melt metals, to dry powders, or accomplish other high temp tasks

55
Q

What are tongs used for?

A

To hold onto hot containers and crucibles

56
Q

What is a stopper? (definition)

A

A rub top that fits into a flask or test tube.

Sometimes closed and other times have small holes for fitting into other equipment

57
Q

What is a funnel? (definition)

A

Cone shaped objects with stems.

Used to pour liquids from one container to another

58
Q

What is a burette stand?

A

A stand that holds a burette in place with a clamp

59
Q

What is a ring stand?

A

A circle of metal attached to a stand that can hold beakers or flasks in the air when supported by wire gauze or a clay triangle.

60
Q

What is a hot plate?

A

A device for heating things without an open flame

controlled by a dial

61
Q

What is a double pan balance?

A

A device used to compare the weights of two different objects

chemistry 2022 flashcards (28 decks)

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