Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Medicine > Gastro > Flashcards

Gastro Flashcards

(52 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Ddx cause douleur crampiforme

A

1- constipation
2- Diarrhée: infectieuse (gastroentérite), colite ischemiques segmentaire, colite pseudomembraneuse (Hx ATB), appendicite pelvienne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ddx dlr abdo continue

A

1- colique biliaire: dlr epigastre/hypochondre D post-prandial/nocturne, irrad dos (pointe omoplate), soulagement spontan 4-6h
2- Colique néphrétique: dlr costovert/flanc en coup de poignard c irrad possible ad organes genitaux externes, sx urinaires irritatifs, pas de pstn antalgique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ddx dlr abdo continue c toxicité

A

1- Pas de peritonisme
A) colite ischémique segmentaire: Diarrhée + rectorragie
B) thrombose mesenterique
2- peritonisme (defense + ressaut)
A) localisé: cholecystite, Hepatite, Appendicite, Diverticulite, Pancréatite
B) Généralisée: perforatiob colique (diverticule) ou gastrique (ulcère)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ddx critères ictère BI vs BD

A

BI = urines claires, selles N, absence prurit, TFH =N

BD = urines foncées, selles décolorées, parfois prurit, TFH = aN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ddx ictere c augmentation BI

A

Hemolyse

Maladie Gilbert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ddx ictere c augm BD

A 
1- Vois biliaires N: 
  A) mx foie: hepatite, cirrhose
  B) Tumeur foie: benin, kyste, malin
  C) causes rares
2- vois biliaires dilatées 
  A) cholangiocarcinome
  B) lithiase
  C) ampullom vaterien
  D) Neo pancréatique
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complications choledociennes

A

Accident de migration

Ictère

Angiocholite

HTBiliaire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Triade de charcot angiocholite (cholangite)

A

Dlr hypochondre D

Fièvre

Ictère

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacteries responsables de cholangite

A 
KEEPS
Klebsiella
E coli (50%)
Enterocoque/bacter
Proteus, Pseudomonas
Serratia

*1/4 = anaerobe (bacteroides, clostridium)
Hemoc + = 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mnemonic cholangites

A 
CHOLANGITIS
Charcot's triad, Conj bili increase
Hepatic abces, Hepatic bile ducts obst
Obstruction
Leucocytosis
Alkaline phosphatase increase
Neo
Gallstone 
IBD (ulcerative colitis)
Transaminase increase
Infection 
Sclerosing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ddx ictere pre-hepatique

A

Hemolyse

Hematome resorbe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ddx ictere intra-hépatique

A

1- captation: Gilbert, Rx, neonat

2- liaison: Gilbert, Crigler-Najaf

3- conjugaison: Hepatites/ cirrhoses virales, toxiques, A-I

4- Excretion: Dubin-Johnson, rotor, bloc voies biliaires intra-hepatique, cirrhose biliaire primitive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ddx ictere post hepatique

A

= obstruction voies biliaires extra-hepatiques

1- congenital: atresie

2- benin: calcul, stenose

3- malin: voie bili, pancreas e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Physiopatho ictère nv-né

A

Insuffisance glucuronyl transferase
Hemolyse GR foetaux
Immaturité foie
Augm act bet-glucuronidase bacterienne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MC hepatite A

A 
Apparition abrupte 
Moyenne : 30 jours
Fièvre 
No-Vo
Ictère (pas commun chez enfant)
Ig' anti-VHA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mc hepatite B

A 
Apparition insidieuse
Moyenne: 8 jr
Arthralgie
Rash
No-Vo
Ag Hbs + IgM ac-HBc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Mc hepatite C

A

Apparition insidieuse
Moyenne: 50 jrs
No-Vo
ARN VHC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mc hepatite D

A 
Apparition insidieuse 
Intervalle: 30-180 jr
Fievre
No-Vo
Ictere
IgM anti-VHD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MC hepatite E

A 
Apparition abrupte
Moyenne: 40 jr
Arthralgie
Rash
Fievre
No-Vo
Ictère 
IgM anti-VHE, ARN VHE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hepatite virale chronique

Quel virus?

A

VHB
VHC
VHD

    • idem porteur chronique
    • idem association à neoplasies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Transmission hepatites virales

Study These Flashcards
A 
VHA: PO, sex
VHB: PO, percutanée, sex (dans sperme), perinatale
VHC: percutanée (sang), perinatale
VHD: percutanée (sang), sex
VHE: fecale-orale, vecteurs animaix
22
Q

VHB AIGUE

Serologie

Study These Flashcards
A

Ag Hbs +
IgM VHB +
Ag Hbe +

23
Q

VHB CHRONIQUE

Serologie

Study These Flashcards
A

Ag Hbs +
IgG Hbc
Ag Hbe + ou -
Enzymes hepatiques N où augmentées

24
Q

Infection résolue VHB

Serologie

Study These Flashcards
A

Anti-Hbs +_
IgG Hbc
AntiHbe +_

25
Immunisation VHB | Serologie
Anti-Hbs +
26
Investigations cirrhose
1- Biopsie: dx definitif 2- progression serologique: dim plaquette, augm INR, dim albumine, augm Bilirubine 3- imagerie: echo (avancée), CT (complications) 4- Endoscopie: varices/gastropathie portale
27
Mnemonic complications cirrhose
``` VARICES Varices Anemia ~> pancytopenie 2r hypersplenisme (plaquettes, puis Gb, puis Hb) Renal failure Infection Coagulopathy Encephalopathy Sepsis ```
28
Triade syndrome hepatopulmonaire
Maladie hepatique Augmentation GAaO2 AA AN vasculaire intrapulmonaire * dyspnee + platypnee + orthodexie
29
Mc cirrhose
- xanthelasma, Ictere a/n sclere - Haleine cétone - Angiome stellaire thorax - Gynecomastie, fonte musculaire - Érythème palmaire, contracture Dupuytren, asterixis, leukonychie, ongles de Terry, clubbing, ecchymose facile - Oedème cheville, dim poils sexuels, atrophie testicules
30
Mc secondaire a hypertension portale
``` Varices oesophagiennes Varices gastriques ~> melena Splenomegalie Ascite Hemorrhoides Hernie/meduse ombilicale ```
31
Ddx MC ulcere gastrique vs duodenale
``` Gastrique = perte poids, dlr 1/2-1h apres repas, manger augm dlr, gastrique = gain de poids ``` Duod = dlr 2-3hr post-repas, manger dim dlr, prise poids
32
Approche Hemorragie GI
SET Stabilisation Hemodynamique: eval perte Evaluation: nature, duree, sx, Rx (AINS, Aco, ROH), ATCD medicochx + EP (sv, coeur, poumon, abdo, TR) + labo (fsc, type sgn, electrolytes, uree-creat, facteur coag Traitement: causal
33
Questions importantes diarrhée aigue
<2 sem - voyage - Exposition: travail, maison, animaux - Fievre: suggère organisme invasif - Aliments crus: suggère ingestion toxine (Diarrhée en <6h)
34
Quelle Diarrhée aigue ne necessite pas d'investigation?
= suspicion infection virale ~> diarrhée aqueuse non-sanguinolante et pas de sc systémique
35
Tx Diarrhée aigue
1- tx support: Hydratation PO = meilleur 2- ATB empirique = PAS impact sur evol -IMP NE PAS DONNER SI DIARRHEE ECOLI ENTEROHEMORRAGIQUE ~> augm risque HUS 3- Diète: liquides claires, aliments pauvres en fibre et mou, eviter lait + ROH + caféine 4- Si Diarrhée sans sang et fievre: loperamide (imodium)
36
Questions importantes Diarrhée chronique
- Diarrhée nocturne - volume Diarrhée - diarrhee sanguinolante ou graisseuse - incontinence fecale
37
Tx H pylori
Tri therapie 2 ATB : Metronidazole + clarithromycine 1 IPP: Pantoprazole 40 mg X 14 jours
38
Complications maladie ulcéreuse
A- Saignement: maladie ulcereuse = cause #1 upper GI bleeding, FR #1 = AINS, B- Perforation: mene a peritonite ~> epigastralgie soudaine + defense + rebond + rigidité C- Gastric outlet obstruction: 2r à ulcère duodenale/pylorique
39
MC colite ulcéreuse
``` Diarrhée Dlr abdo Urgence pour déféquer Rectorragie Mucus dans selles ```
40
Mc crohn
Selon segment GI impliqué (bouche a anus) | Frqt: Dlr QID, fièvre, perte poids, diarrhée, masse abdo palpable
41
Mc systemiques MII
``` #1 = arthrite: peripherique, Spondylite ankylosante Foie = pericholangite Dermato: pyoderma gangrenosum, erythema nodosum Yeux: uvéite, episclerite ```
42
Mnemonic causes pancreatite
``` I GET SMASHED Idiopathic Gallstones 45% Ethanol 35% Tumor: pancreas, choledoque, ampulla Scorpion sting Microbio: Bact (Mycoplasma, campylobacter, Tb, legionella), virua (Mumps, rubella, VZ, CMV, EBV, hepatite virale), parasite (ascariase, clonorchiase, echinocosis) A-I: LED, polyarthrite noueuse, Crohn Surgery or trauma Hyperlipidemia (Tg >11.3), HyperCa, Hypothermia Emboli or ischemia Drugs or toxins: furosemide, TRH, methyldopa, bloc H2, acide valproique, ATB, acetaminophene, salicylate, steroides, azathioprine, mercaptopurine ```
43
FR pancreatite
Tabagisme
44
Critères dx pancreatite
Besoin >2/3 1) Dlr abdo caractéristique pancreatite aiguë 2) Amylase et/ou lipase 3x N (limite sup) 3) CT ou IRM c image typique
45
Signes pancreatite hemorragique
Signe Grey turner = ecchymose au flanc Signe cullen = ecchymose peri-ombilicale
46
MC pancreatite chronique
Epigastralgie irrad au dos, +- No-Vo, dim assis penché vers l'avant, pire 15-30 min post-pandial Possible insuffisance endo/exocrine indolore (perte >90% pancréas) Possible asc
47
Ddx cause obstructive pancreatite chronique
``` 1- Benin -dysfonction sphincter oddi -pancreas divisum - post-traumatique 2- malin: tumeur ampoule ou canaux ```
48
Ddx causes pancreatite chronique non-obstructives
``` ROH Idiopathique 10-20% Tropical Genetique Traumatique A-I Ischémie vasculaire Metab: hyperTg ou Ca ```
49
MC SHU
HUS Hemorrage, Hemolytic anemia, Hemat/proteinurie Heart and renal failure, HTA Usually <10 yo, Uremia Sensorium altered, seizure, Supportive line of tx
50
Ddx augmentation ALP > ALT-AST
1. Obstruction choledoque 2. Destruction canaux microscopiques (cirrhose bili primitive) 3. Defaut transport bile 4. Infiltration du foie (metas, lymphome, granulome, amyloid)
51
Ddx transaminases >1000
``` Drogues Hepatite virale Hepatite A-I Hepatite ischemique Rare: calcul choledoque ```
52
Ddx hepatite
``` Infection virale Roh Drogues Inmun Toxines ```

Medicine (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions