Gastroenterology Flashcards
(33 cards)
Dominant mechanism causing GERD
Transient lower esophageal sphincter
relaxation
Most severe histologic consequence of GERD
Barrett esophagus
This drug class is both diagnostic and therapeutic of GERD
Proton pump inhibitor
Most sensitive test for the diagnosis of GERD
24H ambulatory pH monitoring
Gold standard for confirmation of Barrett esophagus
Endoscopic biopsy
Pain that awakens the patient from sleep is the most discriminating symptom of this condition
Duodenal ulcer
This type of ulcer has a common risk of malignancy
Gastric ulcer
Most convenient test for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection
Urea breath test
Gold standard in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection
Biopsy
Tests of choice for the documentation of Helicobacter pylori infection eradication
- Urea breath test
- Stool antigen test
Total serum amylase returns to normal values after:
3-7 days
Total serum amylase returns to normal values after:
7-14 days
Amount of triglyceride levels that can trigger acute pancreatitis
> 1000 mg/dL
Most common cause of death in acute pancreatitis
Shock
Most important treatment intervention in acute pancreatitis
Early, aggressive IV fluid resuscitation
Triad for cholecystitis
- RUQ tenderness
- Fever
- Leukocytosis
Change in hemoglobin after GI bleeding may be observed up to this number of hours after initial bleeding event
72 hours
Most common cause of UGIB
Peptic ulcers
History of vomiting, retching, coughing preceding hematemesis in an alcoholic
patient
Mallory-Weiss tears
Most common cause of LGIB
Hemorrhoids
In the absence of hemorrhoidal disease, it is the most common cause of LGIB
Diverticular disease
Responsible for majority of obscure GI bleeding
Small intestinal source of bleeding
Most common cause of significant LGIB in children
Meckel diverticulum
Most common colonic cause of significant GI bleeding in children and adolescents
IBD and juvenile polyps
