Gastrointestinal Flashcards by Stephanie Hawks

Q

Pt presents with sudden onset of severe, diffuse abdominal pain. Exam reveals peritoneal signs, and AXR reveals free air under the diaphram. Management?

A

Emergent laparotomy to repair perforated viscus.

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Q

The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleed in pt >40 years of age?

A

Diverticulosis

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Q

Diagnostic modality used when ultrasound is equivocal for cholecystitis

A

HIDA Scan

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Q

Risk factors for Cholelithiasis?

A

Fat
Female
Fertile
Forty
Flatulent

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Q

Inspiratory arrest during palpation of the RUQ

A

Murphy’s Sign, seen in acute cholecystitis

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Q

The most common cause of SBO in pt with no history of abdominal surgery

A

Hernia

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Q

The most common cause of SBO in pt with a history of abdominal surgery

A

Adhesions

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Most common organism

A

Campylobacter

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Recent antibiotic use

A

Clostridium difficile

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Camping

A

Giardia

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Traveler’s Diarrhea

A

ETEC

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Church Picnics / Mayonnaise

A

S. Aureus

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Uncooked Hamburger

A

E.-Coli 0157-H7

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Fried Rice

A

B. Cereus

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Poultry / Eggs

A

Salmonella

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Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Raw Seafood

Study These Flashcards

A

Vibrio

HAV

Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

AIDS

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A

Cryptosporidium

Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC)

Q

Identify Key Organisms causing Diarrhea:

Pseudoappendicitis

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A

Yersinia

Q

25 y/o Jewish man presents with pain and watery diarrhea after meals. Exam shows fistulas between the bowel and skin and nodular lesions on his tibias

Study These Flashcards

A

Crohn’s Disease

Q

Inflammatory disease of the colon with the increase risk of colon cancer

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A

Ulcerative colitis

Q

Extraintestinal manifestations of IBD

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A

Uveitis
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Erythema Nodosum
1 Sclerosing cholangitis

Q

Medical treatment for IBD

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A

5-ASA

Steroids during acute exacerbations

Q

Difference between Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave Tears

Study These Flashcards

A

Mallory Weiss- Superficial tear in esophgeal mucosa

Boehaave- Full thickness esophageal rupture

Q

Charcot’s Triad

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A

RUQ Pain
Jaundice
Fever / Chills

in setting of Adscending Cholangitis

Reynold's Pentad

Charcot's Triad plus Shock Mental Status Change

Medical Treatment for Hepatic Encephalopathy

Decrease protein intake Lactulose Rifaximin

First step in the management of patient with an acute GI bleed

Establish the ABCs

Four year old child presents with Oliguria, petechiae and jaundice following an illness with bloody diarrhea. Most likely diagnosis and cause?

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome (HUS) due to E-Coli 0157-H7

Post HBV exposure treatment

HBV Immunoglobulin

Classic Causes of drug induced hepatitis

TB Meds (INH, Rifampin, Pyrazinamide) Acetaminophen Tetracycline

40 year old obese women with elevated alkaline phosphatase, elevated bilirubin, pruritus, dark urine, and clay coloured stool

Biliary tract obstruction

Hernia with highest risk of incarceration - indirect, direct or femoral

Femoral

50 y/o man with hx of alcohol abuse presents with boring epigastric pain that radiates to the back and is relieved by sitting forward. Management?

Confirm Acute Pancreatitis with elevated Amylase and Lipase Make pt- NPO and give fluids, 02, analgesia and Tincture of time