Gastrointestinal

Question 1

Magnesium oxide/hydroxide

Answer 1

C- antacid
MA- Buffer- neutralizes gastric acids and decreases pH dependent conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin, to reduce gastric damage
TE- reduces gastritis and PUD

Question 2

Aluminum oxide

Answer 2

C- antacid
MA- Buffer- neutralizes gastric acids and decreases pH dependent conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin, to reduce gastric damage
TE- reduces gastritis and PUD

Question 3

Calcium Carbonate

Answer 3

C- antacid
MA- Buffer- neutralizes gastric acids and decreases pH dependent conversion of pepsinogen to pepsin, to reduce gastric damage
TE- reduces gastritis and PUD

Question 4

Bismuth

Answer 4

C- Antimicrobials
MA- increases mucus secretion and disrupts bacterial cell wall adhesion to gastric mucosa, reducing bacterial damage
TE- treat PUD and gastritis caused by H. pylori infection

Question 5

Antibiotic combinations e.g. amoxicillin/ tetracycline

Answer 5

C- Antibiotics
MA- inhibit bacterial cell growth and eliminate infection by H. pylori
TE- treat PUD and gastritis caused by H. pylori infection

Question 6

Cimetidine

Answer 6

C- Histamine receptor antagonist
MA- parietal cell H2 histamine receptor antagonist- blocks activation of proton pump
TE- treats PUD, gastritis, and GERD

Question 7

Ranitidine

Answer 7

C- Histamine receptor antagonist
MA- parietal cell H2 histamine receptor antagonist- blocks activation of proton pump
TE- treats PUD, gastritis, and GERD

Question 8

Omeprazole

Answer 8

C- Proton Pump Inhibitor
MA- drugs directly inhibit proton pump of parietal cells, slows onset of action
TE- treats PUD, gastritis, esophagitis, GERD, esophageal bleeding

Question 9

Esomeprazole

Answer 9

C- Proton Pump Inhibitor
MA- drugs directly inhibit proton pump of parietal cells, slows onset of action
TE- treats PUD, gastritis, esophagitis, GERD, esophageal bleeding

Question 10

Misoprostol

Answer 10

C- Synthetic Prostaglandins
MA- prostaglandin receptor agonist, mimic the inhibitory effects of prostaglandin on parietal cells
TE- treats gastritis and PUD caused by steroids or NSAIDs

Question 11

Loperamide

Answer 11

C- Antidiarrheal drug
MA- Opioid receptor agonist- mimics inhibitory effect of endorphins along GI tract
TE- treat severe diarrhea