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Flight Instruction > General BAK Theory > Flashcards

General BAK Theory Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Stability

A

Positive - returns to original state
Neutral - Continues new course, doesn’t diverge further
Unstable - Deviates further from the mean

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2
Q

Lateral Axis

A

Pitch around it, elevators

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3
Q

longitudinal Axis

A

Roll around it, Ailerons

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4
Q

Normal Axis

A

Yaw, Rudder

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5
Q

Frise Ailerons

A

Leading edge tucks in on down going aileron but petrudes into airflow on upgoing aileron, causing drag to help compensate for adverse yaw

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6
Q

Differential Ailerons

A

Up going aileron deflects further into airstream than down going, increased drag to minimise adverse yaw

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7
Q

Types of Drag

A

Induced - resultant of lift generation
Parasite Drag - Form, Skin Friction and Interference
Induced Reduces with increase IAS
Parasite increases with increase IAS

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8
Q

PUDSUC

A

Pitot Blocked - IAS under read on Descent,

Static Blocked - IAS under read on climb.

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9
Q

VHF Range

A

Below 5000’ = 60 nm
Between 5000’ - 10,000’ = 90 nm
Between 10,000 - 15’000 = 120 nm

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10
Q

VHF

A

30MHz - 300 MHz
Very High Freq
Line of sight

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11
Q

HF

A

3MHz - 30MHz
High Freq
Tends to follow curvature of the earth

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12
Q

Angle Of Attack

A

Angle between Chordline Line and relative airflow

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13
Q

Chordline

A

Straight line from leading edge and trailing edge of aerofoil

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14
Q

Mean camber

A

Line that is equidistant upper and lower aerofoil surfaces

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15
Q

4 Stroke engine

A

Suck / Squeeze / Bang / Blow

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16
Q

Pre Ignition

A

Mixture ignites before spark plug
Cylinder Hot Spot, contamination High power lean mixture
Rough running, possible back fire, sudden increase CHT

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17
Q

Detonation

A

Air/Fuel mix gets to hot and spontaneously combusts prior to TDC (against rising Cylinder head)
Incorrect fuel usage (below 100 octane rating) - resistance to compression

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18
Q

Engine Oil - 5 uses

A 
Lubricate - reduced friction
Cool - carries heat away
Clean - carries contaminants away
Seal - 
Protect - Coats surface and reduce exposure to air/corrosion
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19
Q

Bernoulli’s Theorm

A

Px Total = Px Dynamic + Px Static
If Px Total doesn’t change so if Dynamic Px is increased (Air speed) static PX is reduced
See Wing Lift and Carby

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20
Q

Venturi

A

Pinched tube, air accelerates through narrowest point thus reducing the static pressure
Carby throat / butterfly

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21
Q

ISA

Study These Flashcards
A

OAT 15
ELR 2Deg / 1000’
QHN 1013.2 HP

22
Q

Lift Formula

Study These Flashcards
A

L=Cl 1/2 Rho V2 S

L = IAS x AoA

23
Q

Best Lift drag Ratio

Study These Flashcards
A

Best range
Bottom of the drag curve, tangent of Power curve
Least drag, NOT the Most LIFT

24
Q

Endurance

Study These Flashcards
A

Time / Rate
Least Power required - lowest fuel burn
Holding pattern
Generally less than Min Drag

25
SPEEDS I C E T Pretty Cool Drink
Indicated - Calibrated - Equivalent - True | Position Compression Density
26
Vx
Best angle Excess Thrust Effected by wind
27
Vy
Best rate (Rate always relates to time/work done) Excess power Not effected by wind
28
Service Ceiling
Climb rate 100'/min
29
Absolute Ceiling
No further climbing possible
30
Impulse Coupling
Retards the spark on ignition Creates stronger spark at correct timing Winds up a spring which then releases to create stronger spark
31
Centre Zero Ammeter
ALT - BUS - Ammeter - BATT Cessna - Flows to the battery (+) or from the battery (-) Should be slightly (+), could be high initially to recharge battery
32
Left Zero Ammeter | Load Meter
ALT - Ammeter - BUS - BATT Piper - Flow from the Alternator Should be slightly (+), IF Zero system being powered/load carried by battery
33
Gyroscopic precession
As gyro spin will drift slightly in space due mechanical imperfections - bearing friction etc Heading on DG every 15-20 mins
34
Gyroscopic Instruments
Faster they spin, heavier they are the better the Rigidity - tendency to hold their alignment
35
PA Calc
PA = Height + (1013 - QNH) x 30 | Reasonable man, If QNH below ISA, PA must be higher, inverse relationship
36
DA Calc
ISA Deviation = 15 - (PA/1000 x 2) Temp Correction = OAT - ISA Dev .... x 120 DA = PA + Temp Correction Reasonable man If OAT is higher than ISA, DA is higher
37
Altimeter Faults
Static block - will display Alt at which blockage occurred Incorrect Datum (QNH) set = Underset - Under read, A/C higher than indicated Overset - Overread, A/C is LOWER than indicated Travelling High To Low Lookout Below, you will be lower than you read/believe
38
Altimeter Tolerance
VFR +/- 100', ( can be 110' for elevation above 3300') Source within 100nm Known elevation can give local QNH (Question Nil Hgt) Setting Zero on Altimeter give QFE (Question Field Elevation)
39
Magnetic Variation
Variation from True North Isogonals lines on map joining place of equal value East is Least (-) from True to get Mag West is Best (+) Add to True to get Mag
40
Magnetic Deviation
Compass Error caused by electrical system, airframe etc | Placarded within the A/C on deviation card
41
Compass Turns - ONUS
Overshoot North, turn through your desired heading & compass will come back when you roll wings level Undershoot South, rollout early and compass will continue after you roll out
42
Compass turns - SAND
Acceleration error east - west Accelerate indicates turn Sth Decelerate indicates turn Nth
43
VMC - Class C
5 km vis (8 km above 10,000') 1000' Above/below 1500m Horizontal
44
VMC Class E
5 km vis, (8 km above 10,000') 1000' Above/below 1500m Horizontal IFR require clearance / VFR not required
45
VMC Class D
5 Km Vis 1000' above, 500' below 600m Horizontal
46
Special VFR
1.6 Km Vis Clear of cloud CAR 157 Limits apply
47
VMC Class G below 3000' or 1000' AGL
5 km Vis, | Clear of cloud in sight of land /water
48
VMC Class G Above 3000'
5 km vis, (8 km above 10,000') 1000' Above/below 1500m Horizontal
49
Minimum Height Rules Populated Area - 91.265 Non Populated Areas - 91.267
Not below 1000' above within 600m radius of populated areas Not below 500' above within 300 m radius of non populated areas except due stress of weather??
50
Last Light
Must plan to land atleast 10 prior last light, or in accordance with company regs

Flight Instruction (9 decks)

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