Genes to Proteins

Question 1

Genetic Flow

Answer 1

DNA - pre-mRNA - mRNA - protein

Question 2

Stop Codons

Answer 2

AUU, UAG, UGA

Question 3

Transcription

Answer 3

Enzyme: RNA polymerase
Runs along DNA, reading one strand and coding for the corresponding nucleotide
A, U, C, G

Question 4

Pre-mRNA processing

Answer 4

Removes introns (non coding sequences)
Exons are spliced together
5' Cap and Poly-AAA tail added - they prevent transcript from being broken down

Question 5

RNA

Answer 5

pre-mRNA -> mRNA: messenger RNA, primary structure of protein
rRNA: ribosomal RNA, structural
tRNA: transfer RNA, amino acid transfer system

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

Large and small subunit
Translate mRNA
Attracts tRNA to attach amino acids to chain
Builds proteins

Question 7

tRNA

Answer 7

Anti-codon and amino acid binding site
Binding site specific to 1/20 amino acids
If anti0codon compliments mRNA codon, tRNA hands attached amino acid to ribosome to
be attached to polypeptide chain