Genetics

Question 1

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 1

Meiotic cell division by germ cells

Fusion of two gametes, producing zygote

Question 2

Germs Cell

Answer 2

Diploid - 2n
Undergo 2 rounds of cell division to produce haploid (1n) gametes
Meiosis

Question 3

Meiosis I

Answer 3

Spindle forms and nuclear envelop disintegrates
Chromosomes line up in homologous pairs
Spindle contracts, separating homologous pairs, but sister chromatids remain together
Cleavage furrow -> 2 haploid cells

Question 4

Independent Assortment

Answer 4

Homologous pairs line up, and 50% chance for each chromosome to go to one end of
the cell
Guts genetic into in half for gametes, meaning each meiosis I means different gametes

Question 5

Meiosis II

Answer 5

Spindle forms, chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
Spindle contracts sister chromatids to opposite ends of cell
Cleavage furrow, creating 2 haploid cells with 1 sister chromatid per chromosome
End result from 1 germ cell: 4 haploid gametes, 1 sister chromatids

Question 6

Crossing Over

Answer 6

During meiosis I
Homologous pairs cross over, exchanging genetic information
Tightly Linked: Low probability of segregation
Loosely Linked: High probability of segregation