Metabolism and Bioenergetics

Question 1

Anabolism

Answer 1

Producing complex molecules from simple ones

Monomers into polymers

Question 2

Catabolism

Answer 2

Breaking down molecules into simple ones

Polymer into monomers

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

Anabolism + Catabolism

Sum of biochemical reactions in an organism or cell

Question 4

Energy Coupling

Answer 4

Energy made available from catabolism, to do cellular work

Anabolism is an example of cellular work

Question 5

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 5

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another

Question 6

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 6

Every energy transformation increase entropy of universe

or energy transformations always produce some heat

Question 7

Gibbs free energy (G)

Answer 7

Portion of systems energy that can do work
Change In G = G(products) - G(substrates)
Spontaneous reactions have negative change in G
-Final state has less energy then start
Non-spontaneous reactions have positive change in G
-Initial state has less energy then final state

Question 8

ATP

Answer 8

Energy currency of cell
ATP hydrolyzed into ADP to do cellular work
ATP hydrolysis is used as a coupling reaction for non-spontaneous reactions

Question 9

Enzymes

Answer 9

Biochemical catalysts
Proteins
Lower activation energy required for spontaneous reactions to occur
Change in G remains the same, only activation energy is lowered
Enzymes show specificity