Genetics and Populations - Inheritance: Key Terms Flashcards
Allele
One of a number of alternative forms of a gene
Allele frequency
The number of times an allele occurs within a gene pool
Autosomal linkage
When two or more genes are carried on the same autosome so are inherited together
Chi squared test
A statistical test to test if a set of data is associated with a certain variable or a factor by testing the difference between observed values and expected values
Codominant
When one allele is not recessive to the other, so the heterozygote has an intermediate phenotype
Dihybrid
The inheritance of two different characteristics controlled by two separate genes, which are inherited independently from one another
Diploid
Cells that contain two sets of chromosomes in the nucleus
Dominant
The allele expressed even when present with the recessive allele of the same gene
Epistasis
When the allele of one gene affects or masks the expression of another in the phenotype
Gene
A sequence of DNA on a chromosome that codes for one protein
Gene pool
The total number of alleles in a particular population at a specific time
Genotype
The alleles possessed by an individual
Hardy-Weinburg Principle
A principle that provides a mathematical equation that can be used to calculate the frequencies of the alleles of a gene in a population
Heterozygous
The condition in which the alleles of a gene at the same locus are different
Homozygous
The condition in which the alleles of a gene are the same
