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Genito-urinary Flashcards

1
Q

stress incontinence Mx

A

duloxetine

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2
Q

urge incontinence Mx

A

oxybutynin

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3
Q

candidiasis Px in men and women, Mx

A

Women: white curdy discharge
Men: red glazed plaques
Mx: fluconazole

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4
Q

Bacterial vaginosis Px and Mx

A

fishy odour, grey discharge
Metronizadole / clindamycin

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5
Q

Trichomoniasis Px and Mx

A

yellow frothy discharge
metronizadole

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6
Q

Chlamydia Px, Dx, Mx

A

dysuria, intermenstrual bleeding, discharge
NAAT test from endocervical swab
Mx = doxycycline

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7
Q

Gonorrhoea Px Mx 1st and 2nd line

A

dysuria, intermenstrual bleeding, discharge
Mx: IM ceftriaxone
oral cefalaxine + oral azithromycin

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8
Q

Genital herpes Px, Dx and Mx , cause

A

painful genital ulcers, vaginal discharge, dysuria
NAAT test
Aciclovir
Caused by: herpes simplex 2

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9
Q

genital warts cause and Px

A

HPV
painless lumps

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10
Q

bilateral abdominal pain, adnexal tenderness, fever
cervical motion tenderness

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease Px

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11
Q

Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome

A

happens in PID, when adhesions form between the liver and abdominal wall. causes inflammation and RUQ pain

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12
Q

Mx of PID

A

ofloxacin
metronizadole

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13
Q

HIV in pregnancy

A

<50 copies = vaginal delivery, >50 = C section

breast feeding is not recommended

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14
Q

primary syphilis Px

A

genital / perianal lesions, painless
Turns into a chancre

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15
Q

secondary syphilis

A

Fever, myalgia
maculopapular rash on legs, face, arms
Enlarged lymph nodes

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16
Q

tertiary syphilis

A

granulomatous like lesions, neuropsyphilis

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17
Q

Mx of syphilis

A

1 dose benzathine penicilline (IM???)

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18
Q

Px of Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

enlarged smooth, asymmetrical prostate, palpable bladder, weak urine flow, urgency, terminal dribbling

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19
Q

Mx of BPH

A

tamsulosin
finasteride

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20
Q

acute scrotal pain, swelling, not settled by pain, 2ndary to UTI

A

epididymo-orchitis

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21
Q

severe testicle pain, loss of cremasteric reflex in young boys, + Mx

A

testicular torsion
Mx = surgery

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22
Q

diagnosing PCOS

A
  1. anovulation
  2. hyperandrogenism (hirsutism)
  3. ovarian volume >10cm
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23
Q

chlamydia shape and gram stain

A

gram -ve rod

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24
Q

gonorrhoea shape and gram stain

A

gram -ve diplococci

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25
Paraphimosis Px and Mx
the foreskin is retracted but cannot be replaced, this constricts the venous return of the penis and causes the glans penis to swell up Mx: Soak it in hypertonic solution to draw fluid out, then attempt to manually replace the foreskin.
26
Phimosis Px and Mx
when the foreskin can’t be retracted, due to scarring of the foreskin. Mx: supportive, maintain hygiene
27
Low sperm count and mobile mass in the scrotum
Could be a varicocele enlargement of the pampiform plexus, meaning that blood isn’t cooled to the optimum temp before it reaches testes, which reduces sperm production
28
what to test initially for erectile dysfunction
HbA1C
29
what to test initially in male infertilityq
semen analysis
30
red swollen head of penis
paraphimosis
31
curvature during erection
peyronies disease
32
Dx of BPH (imaging)
ultrasound with post-voidal bladder volume
33
1st and 2nd and 3rd line for menorrhagia
1. mirena coil 2. mefanemic acid 3. tranexamic acid
34
contraindications to cocp
>35 yrs >20 cigs a day hypertension current breast cancer previous VTE hepatitis, liver cirrhosis migraines with aura
35
what to give if cocp is contraindicated
pop implant
36
semen analysis normal values
vol: ≥ 1.5ml pH: ≥ 7.2 concentration: ≥ 15 million per ml number: ≥ 39 million per ejaculation motility: ≥ 40%
37
lymphogranuloma venereum Px and cause
caused by chalmydia trachomatis presents with genital ulcers and painful inguinal lymphadenopathy
38
Mx of lymphogranuloma vereneum
three weeks of doxycycline
39
renal colic pain relief
IM diclofenac 75mg
40
lichen planus Px
red/purple plaques with overlying lacy white stripes
41
lichen sclerosus Px
pale shiny skin white plaques
42
what strains of HPV are assoc with cervical cancer
16 & 18
43
what strains of HPV are assoc with genital warts
11
44
what organism gives rise to syphilis
treponema pallidum
45
what infection is commonly associated with reactive arthritis
chlamydia
46
yellow/green frothy malodorous discharge strawberry cervix what is this and MX
trichomonas metronidazole BD for 7 days
47
how to treat bladder cancer
TURBT + intravesical chemo (Bcg)
48
management of chlamydia
7 days of doxycycline 12 hourly
49
azithromycin dose for chlamydia
1g single dose and then 500mg OD for two days
50
missed pill at the start or end of pack what to do
take missed pill emergency contraception
51
missed pill in middle of the pack what to do
take missed pill continue as normal condoms for 7 days
52
most common testicular tumour under 4 years
yolk cell tumour
53
what cells does yolk sac tumour
schiller duval cells
54
what. is noted on histology in leydig cell tumour
reinke crystals
55
what is used to treat chlamydia in pregnancy (3 drugs)
amoxicillin azithromycin erythomycin
56
ulcer on penis painful vs painless inguinal lymphadenopathy
painful = lymphogranuloma vereneum painless = syphilis
57
treatment of pubic lice 2 options
malathion or permethrin cream
58
flagellated protozoa
trichomonad vaginalis
59
investigation of choice for chlamydia and gonorrhoea in females
vulvovaginal swab for NAAT testing
60
painless vs painful penile ulcer cause
painless = syphilis painful = herpes HSV2
61
2 tests for syphilis and their results in positive, successfully treated and false positive
Non-treponemal (VDRL test) + treponemal (TP-EIA test) If they have had syphilis, the TP-EIA will stay positive for life If they have been successfully treated, the VDRL will go negative after 6 months Positive VDRL + negative TP-EIA = false positive
62
4 causes of false positive syphilis result
SLE TB malaria HIV

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