Germany Ww1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What was the Battle of Verdun?
Done 21st of February 1916 to 18 December 1916, it was the longest battle where Germany claimed they wanted to ‘Bleed France white’.
. Germany had 1 million men, France 200k.
. 280k Germans died, 315k french died.
. No one really won.
What was the Battle of the Somme.
1st July to 18 November 1916 it was the largest battle which was done due to poor planning from Britain (done by Haig) which meant people had to almost walk into open fire.
.620k British died, 500k french
What was the Battle of Passchendaele
The muddiest battle done in July-November 1917.
Artillery heavy, but many people died from drowning in mud (lovely)
. Britain lost 10pk people, Germany lost 300k people
. One of germanys great defeats.
What was Gallipoli?
19th Feb 1915 to 9th January 1916 - simultaneously long, drawn out and completely pointless. Done to try and get better trade routes for Russia, it came with poor planning, failed naval attacks, bad weather, and 80% of the British troops getting disentry.
Turkey stayed with Germany, and no one really came out better or worse (apart from 200k dead of course.)
What factors caused ww1 to start?
• the growing Nationalism in Europe, and well as the idea of pan-slavism
• the growing militarism and imperalism, shown by stuff such as Weltpolitik as well as dramatically increases spending for military. (Also, there’s cases of stuff from the balkan wars and the morocco crisises
•July Crisis
•assassination of franz Ferdinand
Who was a group that practiced both panslavism and Nationalism
Black Hand gang
What did Germany do in the 1905 Moroccan crisis?
After France said it fancied taking over Morocco in 1904 with the backing of the uk, in 1905 the kaiser travelled to Tangier to state his support of Moroccan independence, and of the Moroccan leader. (This was however likely to try and push France and therefore the triple entente’s (although not formalised.) buttons, then actual care for Morocco.)
What did this cause? (and what happened with it?)
(1905)
international conference in Algeciras (handily called the Algeciras conference) in January 1906, which all major powers attended. They then said that while France could not colonise Morocco, they could have joint control of the Moroccan police. This caused Germany to be humiliated, with only Austria-Hungary supporting them and having Britain and Russia have an alliance, formalising the triple entente.
What happened in the 1911 Moroccan crisis?
In 1911, a rebellion broke out in the capital of Morocco, Fez-against the Sultan who asked the French government for help, and France sent 20,000 soldiers to Fez.
After France sent 20,000 soldiers to Fez Germany accused the French of invading Morocco.
Germany sent The Panther, a German warship, to Morocco as a display of German strength.
This concerned Britain as Britain had a naval base in the Mediterranean Sea near Gibraltar and believed Germany could be trying to establish their own naval base in the Mediterranean Sea.
What happened after this? (1911)
German, French and British politicians met in Paris and Berlin and resolved the 1911 crisis
The Kaiser backed down and ordered The Panther to leave Agadir
Many countries, including Italy, opposed Germany’s actions with The Panther (showing how People started to dislike Germany even more)
It was agreed that France should gain control over Morocco but Germany would receive a part of the French Congo
how did Germany go against the naval blockade?
As they used U-BoatsThey didn’t fully, they started to attack in the Atlantic, going against various forms of civilian and cargo ships, millions of them even - but the more attacking naval ships never left the German port - leaving 420k Germans to Starve to death
What happened with the July Crisis?
• June 28th 1914 - Franz Ferdinand assassinated in Sarajevo.
• later in july, Austria Humgary gives demands to Serbia to help - 10ish - however, they say their police should police Serbia - which Serbia does not agree to.
(•Austria Hungary begins ti declare war)
• 29th July - Russia collects its military together.
•1st August- Germany then mobilises, and declares war on Russia.
•2nd and 3rd of August, Germany starts the Schlieffen Plan, declares war on France and attacks Belgium.
• 4th of August, Britain declares war on Germany due to an old treaty they have with Belgium.
What happened with the Schlieffen Plan??
what happened was a culmination of odd jumps in logic and lack of genuine planning for themselves, leading them to think Belgium would just let them through - and that Russia would take 6 weeks to round up their men, but as Russia start to build up their military before they officially went to war - this was not the case
Why was Germany pulled into ww1?
As they had good connections with Austria Hungary and has an alliance with them from1879 onwards - kind of like if your cousin started having a scrap - you’d help them no?
How did the battle of Marne cause part of the stalemate?
fought from the 5-12th of September in 1914, it was done in such a way that 100k Germans had to suddenly go to the eastern front, Von Kluck then got them to move southeast - away from Paris and into the valley of the river Marne, giving France and Britain a chance to attack. After pushing Germany back a bit - both Allies and Germany started to build trenches - causing the beginning of the stalemate.
