GI 2

Question 1

What are the structures of the small bowel/ small intestine?

Answer 1

Duodenum
Jejenum
Ileum

Question 2

Where is the jejenum located?

Answer 2

Immediately after the duodenum

Question 3

What is peculiar about the jejenum?

Answer 3

Plicae circulares

Question 4

What are plicae circulates?

Answer 4

Numerous prominent folds that circular the lumen

Question 5

Where is the ileum?

Answer 5

Makes up majority of the small intestine(small bowel)

Question 6

What is peculiar about the ileum?

Answer 6

Peyer’s patches

Question 7

What are peyer’s patches?

Answer 7

groupings of lymphoid follicles in the mucus membrane that lines small intestine

Question 8

What is the function of peyer’s patches?

Answer 8

play an important role in immune surveillance of materials within the digestive system.

Question 9

What are the regions of the large bowel/ large intestine?

Answer 9

Caecum & appendix 
Ascending colon 
Transverse colon 
Descending colon 
Sigmoid colon
Rectum and anal canal

Question 10

Differences between large and small intestine

Answer 10

The large intestine is larger in diameter than the small intestine and longer

Small intestine helps digestion + absorption
Large intestine helps reabsorption. + elimination of wastes

Small intestine absorbs carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, vitamins
Large intestine absorbs water, nutrients and salts

Small intestine has 3 parts
Large intestine has 4 parts

Question 11

Where does the ileum passes matter? And through what?

Answer 11

To caecum

Through ileocaecal valve

Question 12

Can the ileocaecal valve fail?

Yes or no

Answer 12

Yes

Question 13

where is the appendix in regards to surface anatomy?

Answer 13

The appendix sits at the junction of the small intestine and large intestine. It’s a thin tube about four inches long.

Question 14

Where is the rectum?

Answer 14

Is 15 cm long and lies anterior to the sacrum

Question 15

Where in the anal canal?

Answer 15

I’m the 2-3 cm part of the terminal large intestine

Question 16

What is the anal column?

Answer 16

Longitudinal fold of mucous membrane contain8ng vessels

Question 17

What is the anus openings controlled by?

Answer 17

Internal anal sphincter
External anal sphincter

Voluntary movements

Question 18

What are the pouches in the lower part of the large intestine?

Answer 18

Diverticula are small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of your digestive system.

Question 19

What is the function of pouches in lower part of large intestine?

Answer 19

pouch enables the patient to store and pass stool through the body’s usual route

Question 20

What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery?

Answer 20

Middle colic
Right colic
Ileocolic
Jeujenal and ideal branches

Question 21

What is the blood supply for the small intestine?

Answer 21

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 22

What is the blood supply for the large intestine?

Answer 22

Superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery

Question 23

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?

Answer 23

Left colic
Sigmoid arteries(2-4)
Superior rectal

Question 24

GI venous drainage

All blood from GI has to enter ….. (complete)

Answer 24

Portal vein

Question 25

Which artery provides oxygen rich blood to liver cells?

Answer 25

Hepatic artery

Question 26

Which sympathetic nerves innervates the gut?

Answer 26

Splanchnic nerves | Hypograstric plexus

Question 27

What does sympathetic innervation do to the gut?

Answer 27

influences blood flow, epithelial transport, motility, and endocrine cells and causes inhibition of gastrointestinal secretion

Question 28

What does parasympathetic innervation do to the gut?

Answer 28

parasympathetic stimuli typically stimulate digestive activities, conserves energy, slows heart rate, increases digestion and relaxes sphincter muscles in the digestive tract.

Question 29

What branches of parasympathetic innervate the gut?

Answer 29

Vagus nerve | Hypogastric plexus