GI Flashcards
Painless rectal bleeding in a boy younger than 5 years
Meckel diverticulum
Technetium-99m pertechnetate scintiscan
Incomplete obliteration of vitelline duct
Bleeding due to ulcer caused by heterotopic gastric tissue
Dx SBP
PMN >250
Best place to perform paracentesis
4cm superior to ASIS and 1cm medial
Most common cause of lower GI bleeding
diverticular disease
SBO
Air fluid levels, dilated loops of bowel, lack of air in rectum
Hypokalemia
Fix hypotension after paracentesis
Albumin
If >5L removed, give 6-8g 25% albumin per liter removed
Most common complication of ileostomy
Hyponatremia
Midgut volvulus
50% present in 1 month of life
Bilious vomiting, abdominal dissension, tenderness, palpable mass
Abdominal XR, upper GI series
NG tube decompression and Ladd
Intussusception
3m-5y
Colicky abd pain, vomiting
Current jelly stool
AMS
Necrotizing enterocolitis
Low birth weight infants
Within 2 wks of life
Bilious emesis, abd pain, dissension, bloody stool
Ogilvie syndrome
Massive dilation of colon
Pseudo-obstruction
Neostigmine
First imaging for suspected viscous perforation
Upright CXR
CT is definitive but takes longer
Cecal vs sigmoid volvulus
Cecal: young, F>M, CT with coffee bean, surgical
Sigmoid: old, insidious, sigmoidoscopy/surgery, bent tube on CT, most common location
Treat intractable hiccups
Chlorpromazine
Most common location of anal fissures
Posterior midline
