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Rosh/ITE > Tox/ID > Flashcards

Tox/ID Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonylurea toxicity treatment

A

Octreotide

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2
Q

Bleeding on enoxaparin

A

Protamine

Enoxaparin = Lovanox (LMWH)

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3
Q

1 carrier of rabies in US

A

Bats

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4
Q

Poisoning associated with peppery taste

A

Scromboid

Treat with antihistamines

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5
Q

Poisoning that is associated with sensation of tooth looseness

A

Ciguatera

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6
Q

Exposure that bypasses decon and is evaluated immediately for systemic toxicity

A

Chlorine gas (full dispersed)

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7
Q

Etomidate dose and side effects

A

0.3 mg/kg

Myoclonus, respiratory depression

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8
Q

Abx that directly inhibits toxin synthesis

A

Clindamycin

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9
Q

Most common cause of type II nectrotizing infections

A

Group A strep

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10
Q

Organism that increases risk for cholangiocarcinoma

A

Clonorchis sinensis

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11
Q

CNS lymphoma dx

A

Single solid or ring enhancing lesion with mass effect

Brain biopsy to definitively diagnose

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12
Q

PML dx

A

Focal white matter changes on MRI with NO mass effect
Definitive requires brain biopsy
Caused by JC virus

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13
Q

Most common acute SE of Beta agonist

A

Tachycardia

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14
Q

Dental pain with pseudomembrane, gingival ulcers

A

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

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15
Q

Tinea that requires systemic antifungals

A

Capitis and unguium

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16
Q

Abx therapy for dental abscess

A

Clinda + levo

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17
Q

EPS

A

Due to dopamine antagonist
Hours to days after initiation
Treat with anticholinergic: diphenhydramine or benztropine

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18
Q

Beta blocker overdose

A

Brady, hypotension, AMS, seizures
Brochospa and hypoglycemia
Give glucagon (bypasses beta receptors and increases HR)

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19
Q

Treat black widow bite

A

Benzos

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20
Q

End point of treatment for organophosphates/nerve gas

A

Decreased respiratory secretions

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21
Q

Treatment for valproic toxicity

A

L-carnitine

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22
Q

Scalded skin syndrome

A

Staph
Flaccid blisters and/or diffuse erythema worse over intriginous areas
Nikolski +
Mucous membranes SPARED

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23
Q

Propylene glycol

A

Used to dilute IV benzos

Causes anion gap metabolic acidosis

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24
Q

Diseases that need airborne precautions (N95)

A

TB, measles, VZV, COVID

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25
Treat bupivicaine OD with?
Intralipids
26
Treat altitude sickness
O2, descent, Dexamethasone
27
Max dose lido with epi
7 mg/kg; 500mg max
28
#1 risk of encephalitis in West Nile virus
Age
29
Granuloma inguinale
Caused by Klebsiella | Beefy red, painless genital ulcer
30
Hallucinations associated with psych vs ingestion
Auditory for psych
31
Treat cerebral gas emboli
Hyperbaric chamber | Can occur in hydrogen peroxide tox, CO poisoning, rapid ascent
32
Reducing sodium in hyperNa
10-12mEq/L for first 24 hours | Unless it is a acute; goal is 140mEq/L in 24 hours
33
Toxoplasmosis has affinity for where
Basal ganglia
34
Chemical exposure that smells like grass or hay
Phosgene | Can see severe respiratory compromised but is often delayed
35
Chemical exposure that smells like pears
Chloral hydrate
36
Amanita phalloides ingestion
``` Aka deathcap Dysentery 6-24 hrs after ingestion False recovery (elevated ALT/AST) Multi organ failure PenG, NAC, Cimetidine, VitC ```
37
Treat benzocaine OD
Methylene blue | Causes methhemoglobinemia
38
Bugs with +Faget sign
``` (Sphygmothermic dissociation) Yellow fever (flavivirus) Typhoid Tularemia Brucellosis Colorado tick fever Legionella Mycoplasm ```
39
Transplant infections in month 1 vs 1-6 vs 6+
1: staph, pseudomonas, strep 1-6: V, EBV, listeria, hepatitis, PJP, aspergillosis 6+: CMV, EBV, HSV, Hep, VZV, fungal
40
Elapidae toxicity
Coral snake Neurotoxic: salivation, dysarthria, diplopia, ptosis, miosis, dysphagia, and seizure Admit for obs
41
Centruroides toxicity
``` bark scorpions oculomotor abnormalities (such as rotary nystagmus) and muscle spasms ```
42
Crotalidae toxcitiy
Pit vipers | Coagulopathy
43
Loxosceles
Brown recluse Erythema progressing to necrotic eschar Phospholipases (sphingomylinase D)
44
Treat lice
Permethrin
45
Metabolic changes in tumor lysis syndrome
hyperuricemia hyperkalemia hyperphosphatemia Hypocalcemia
46
Metabolic changes in sarcoidosis
Hypercalcemia/hypercalceuria | Low PTH
47
Treat cannibinoid hyperemsis syndrome
Capsaicin, haldol Hot showers Stop smoking
48
Ethylene glycol toxicity: labs, treatment
``` High anion gap acidosis, osmolar gap No elevation in lactate or ketones Calcium oxalate leading to ARF (elevated creatinine) Dialysis if ethylene glycol levels >50 Supplement thiamine ```
49
Labs and sx of methanol toxicity
Anion gap metabolic acidosis Snowfield vision Optic disc hyperemia or retinal edema; snowy field vision, b/l putaminal hemorrhages Give fomepizol/alcohol
50
Isopropyl alcohol toxicity
Breaks down to acetone Ketosis without acidosis Normal anion gap Elevated osmolar gap
51
Hot and cold temp reversal
Pathognomonic for ciguatera
52
Arsine gas toxicity
Causes RBC hemolysis IVF, exchange transfusion Smells like garlic
53
Rigid chest syndrome is a side effect of what pain killer?
Fentanyl
54
Highest risk infection causes in solid organ transplant 1d-1m
Staph, MRSA, pseudomonas, strep
55
Highest risk infection causes in solid organ transplant 1m-6m
CMV, EBV, viral hepatitis, listeria, pneumocystis, aspergillosis, candida
56
Highest risk infection causes in solid organ transplant >6m
CMV, EBV, hep virus, VZV, strongyloides, TB, toxoplasmosis
57
Bacteria associated with lung abscess most commonly
Peptostreptococcus, prevotella, bacteroides and fusobacterium *usually mouth bacteria
58
TB drugs contraindicated in pregnancy
Streptomycin | Pyrazinimide given only if MDRTB
59
Erlichiosis
Lone Star Tick Fever, headache, malaise, N/V/D, rash 30% Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and elevated transaminases Doxy
60
First marker of acute radiation injury
Decreased absolute lymphocyte count
61
C. Botulinum infection
Raw honey, puncture wounds, heroin B/L cranial neuropathies, descending paralysis, vision changes Aminoglycosides are contraindicated
62
Gonococcecemia
Systemic N. Gonorrhea Migratory polyarthralgias, tenosynovitis skin lesions Skin lesions can develop necrotic centers
63
Manage asymptomatic hydrocarbon ingestion
Aka gas | Obs 6 hours, take CXR
64
Hydrocarbon toxicity
Most effect in lungs: can displace O2, cause widespread collapse Sensitized myocardium to catecholamines, avoid epi
65
Treat E. Faecalis UTI
Amoxicillin
66
Copperhead snake
Crotalinae family Most common venomous snake in US Heat sensitive pit between eye and nose Elliptical eyes, triangle head, long folding fangs
67
Most common cause of viral gastroenteritis
Norovirus
68
Sympathomimetic Mushroom toxicity
(Amita muscaria) | NAC
69
Pentad of TTP
Fever, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neuro, aki | Plasma exchange
70
Tick paralysis
Sudden weakness, loss of coordination and tendon reflexes | Ascending if awake
71
Most common cause of food borne infection
Salmonella, campy
72
Treat Ventricular arrhythmias 2/2 hydrocarbon ingestion
Esmolol | Hydrocarbon cause oversensitzation to catecholamines
73
Treat pityriasis rosea
Topical steroids
74
Treat methemoglobinemia
Methylene blue
75
Fire/smoke exposure sequels
CO poisoning: O2 | Cyanide poisoning: acidosis, give hydroxocobalamin
76
Zika virus
S. America, Caribbean, pacific islands | Fever, rash, arthrgias, conjunctivitis
77
TCA overdose
Blocks fast Na channels QRS prolongation, RAD with terminal R in aVR Myoclonus and seizures due to GABA antagonism Bicarb at QRS >100ms with end point narrow QRS
78
TOA
Complication of PID Discharge, adnexal mass Cefotetan + doxy
79
Measles rash
Maculopapular | Starts head down-spares palms and soles
80
Rhabdo | Labs and treatment
Increased urine myoglobin (not rbcs) HyperK, acidosis, high phosphate, low Ca IVF and urine alkalinozation
81
Abx that can cause serotonin syndrome
Linezolid
82
Arsenic poisoning
Garlic taste, GI sx
83
Most common cause of erythema multiforme
HSV
84
Treat wide complex tachycardia in cocaine OD
Sodium bicarb | Due to Na channel blockade, not ventricular
85
Need to supplement in methanol tox
Folinic acid | B/c of Formaldehyde and formic acid byproducts
86
Valproic acid toxicity
N/V/CNS depression Isolated hyperammonium Treat with l-carnitine
87
For iron ingestion
Whole bowel irrigation
88
Silo Farmers Disease
Decomposing grain -> NO -> methemoglobinemia Methylene blue
89
Jellyfish neamtocysts deactivation
Acetic acid / vinegar
90
Sponge dermatitis treatment
Antihistamines
91
Tetrodotoxin antidote
None - supportive
92
Stingray injury treated with
Hot water
93
Portuguese man o war treatment
Salt water to remove nematcysts Hot water for pain
94
#of vial of dig fab for toxicity
10
95
Treatment of bullous pemphigoid
Doxy
96
Acid base changes in iron ingestion
Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation
97
BB most likely to cause seizure
Propranolol
98
BB most likely to cause seizure
Propranolol

Rosh/ITE (16 decks)

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