GITI

Question 1

Name the 3 virus’ associated with GE

Answer 1

adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus

Question 2

Name the bacteria associated with GE

Answer 2

campylobacteria, e.coli, salmonella, shingella, cholera, yersinga

Question 3

Incubation period for GE (viral and bac), Toxin mediated food poisoning, H pylori, Shingella, parasites, caymplyo

Answer 3

GE viral = 24-48hrs. GE bac = 12 hours. TMDP = few hours. shingella = 1-3days. campylo =2-5 days. h pylori 5-10 days . parasites = 7-10 days.

Question 4

Spread of disease for Viral GE, Shingella, H Pylori, campylobac

Answer 4

Viral GE = fecal - oral. Shingella = person to person fecal - oral. h pylori oral - oral or fecal - oral. campylobac = contaminated food or water

Question 5

Describe the transmission, composition and prevention of HEP A

Answer 5

fecal to oral. +ve single stranded RNA. vaccination

Question 6

Name the 3 consequences of Hep A in order of severity

Answer 6

Asymptomatic, icteric, fulminant

Question 7

Name the preiteric and icteric symptoms of actute viral hepatitis

Answer 7

Preicteric = malaise, anorexia, nausea, abdo, pyrexia… Icteric= pale stools, dark urine, jaundice,

Question 8

Name the 3 antigens in a Hep B Virus

Answer 8

HBSAg, HBCAg, HBeAg

Question 9

Describe the 4 outcomes of a Hep B infection

Answer 9

subclinical 50%, acute icteria hep, fulimant, chronic hep 10%,

Question 10

3 ways Hep B can be transmitted

Answer 10

perinatal, parenteral, sexual

Question 11

How is Hep B diagnosed

Answer 11

HBSAg antigens detected- only show if infected at some point in life. Further IgM antibodys are found in acute Hep B Anti HBC and surface ones bound. Chronic infection is diagnosed by HBSAg >6months

Question 12

Whats significant about being ANTI HBeAg +ve

Answer 12

All chronic patients start as HBEAg +ve really infective and high risk inflammation. 1-2% of them develop ANTI HBEAg +VE antibodies - still chronically infected but much less infective and have much less inflammation

Question 13

How is Hep B prevented

Answer 13

passive- hep B immunoglobulin. active- hep B vaccine, HBSAg induces ANTI HBSAg

Question 14

How is Hep E spread

Answer 14

Feacal to oral

Question 15

Outcomes of Hep C

Answer 15

Acute - asymptomatic. Chronic - Hepatitis, Cirrhosis, Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 16

Whats different about treatment and diagnosis of Hep C

Answer 16

Hep C is quasisspecies therefor many virus in patient hat have different genomes - harder to treat and diagnose as usually look for one specific type.

Question 17

How do you diagnose Hep C

Answer 17

Anti HCV - if positive HCV RNA detection to show if infection current

Question 18

Describe Cholecystitis

Answer 18

infection of the gall bladder

Question 19

symptoms of cholecystitis

Answer 19

abdo pain, tenderness, fever and vomiting,

Question 20

What is Cholangitis

Answer 20

infection of the biliary tree

Question 21

Difference in symptoms between Cholecystitis and Cholangitis

Answer 21

Changitis has prominent jaundice rigor and pyrexia

Question 22

name the two most dangerous of salmonella and what they can result in

Answer 22

s. typhi and s. paratyphi . life threatening sepsis

Question 23

where do you carry salmonella without realising

Answer 23

in the gall bladder

Question 24

result of shigella

Answer 24

fluid loss, shock, haemorrhagic cholitis - potentially life threatening

Question 25

common cause of c. difficile GE

Answer 25

broad spec anti biotics as it lives in intestine usually

Question 26

symptoms of c. difficile infection

Answer 26

diarhoea, abdo cramp, colitis, death, bowel perforation

Question 27

why is c . difficile easily transmitted

Answer 27

spores can survive everywhere

Question 28

treatments for
c. parvum
giardia lambia
entamoeba histolyia

Answer 28

self limiting
oral metronidazole
metrondazole

Question 29

symptoms of h.pylori

Answer 29

blood stained stools, haemtemesis, epigastric pain, nausea and vom

Question 30

e.coli enterotoxigenic symptoms

Answer 30

abdo pain cramps diarrhoea

Question 31

enterohaemorrhagic e.coli can cause?

Answer 31

life threatening as can cause haemolysis and renal failure HUS 8%

Question 32

how do you treat enterohaemorrhagic e.coli

Answer 32

dont give anti b’s