What is the role fo international cooperations
manage, influence, order, communicate and regulate security of the political, economic, social and environmental climate at a global level
Define Global Governance
- Constrains conduct through international organisations and law
- institutions that ‘help’
What triggered the creation of IO’s
WWI and WWII, as they affected most states around the world
Two main issues to consider
- Relationship between power and global governance
2. Too little, too much or not the right kind of global governance
Liberals view on the relationship between power and global governance
- transcends and constrains state power
- fosters cooperation
- technical expertise over political interests (2003 invasion of Iraq was labelled illegal and illegitimate
- Promotes universal liberal norms
Realists view on the relationship between power and global governance
- limited state power and are unable to contain states
- focuses and depends on the interest of powerful states (management of IMF and WB mainly have US on the board)
- sign of conflict rather than harmonisation of conflicts
- Promotes Western norms
Constructivist/Post-structuralist view on the relationship between power and global governance
- autonomous from states
- expertise/knowledge is power
- does promote universal norms
CP: can generate new identities and hierarchies/can favour the West
Robert O. Keohane’s neoliberalist view
argued that all states could benefit from international cooperation through collective action as cooperation is mutually beneficial
Waltz’ realist approach
“international institutions are shaped and limited by the states that found and sustained them and have little independent effect”
- UN security council: all 5 members were the most powerful/victorious in 1945
Marxist/Gramscian perspective
IO’s operate on behalf of a hegemonic bloc of powerful states to reinforce their material interests and assert dominance => extends capitalism globally
Don Handelman’s classification of IO’s and global governance
“Bureaucracies are ways of making, ordering and know social worlds”
