Glossary: Anatomy Flashcards by Eef Doe

This term is applied to a lesser structure that resembles a similar organ in structure and function, such as the accessory pancreatic duct

Accessory (Auxilary)

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A protein found in blood plasma

Albumin

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The digestive system tube from the mouth to the anus, including the mouth or buccal cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines

Alimentary Canal

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The branch of science dealing with the study of the structure of the body

Anatomy

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Connection between vessels; union of two vessels going to the same body part

Anastomoses

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Before or in front of; refers to the front side of the body or structure

Anterior (Ventral)

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The 126 bones that make up the pectoral girdle, upper extremities, pelvic girdle, and lower extremities

Appendicular skeleton

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The connection between two or more bones; a joint

Articulation

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The 80 bones composing the skull, vertebrae, thorax, and hyoid bone; the central structure to which the appendicular skeleton is attached

Axial Skeleton

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Refers to the symmetry of paired organs, or to an organism whose right and left halves are similar images of each other

Bilateral Symmetry

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Pertaining to bile

Biliary

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The organs (liver and gall bladder) and ducts that participate in the secretion, storage, and delivery of bile to the duodenum

Biliary Tract

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A membranous sac or receptacle for a secretion or excretion

Bladder

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Relating to the cheek or mouth

Buccal

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The study of the heart

Cardiology

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The canal or passageway in the temporal bone through which the internal carotid artery passes

Carotid Canal

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Situated at or pertaining to a center or central point

Central

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The part of the large intestine beginning with the ascending colon and ending with the sigmoid colon

Colon

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Ridges in the walls of the nasal cavity

Conchae

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A curved protuberance at the end of a bone forming part of an articulation

Condyle

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A normal or abnormal bending away; an arc

Curvature

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Of or pertaining to a sac-like structure

Cystic

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Below the surface, or toward the central part of a structure

Deep

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Reduction of the harmful properties of a poisonous substance

Detoxification

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Farther away from the point of attachment or from the trunk, opposite of proximal

Distal

Posterior, toward the back; opposite of anterior

Dorsal

A prominence or projection

Eminence

Pertaining to a ductless gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream

Endocrine

Pertaining to a gland that delivers its secretion through a duct

Exocrine

Pertaining to the exterior; opposite of internal

External

The lateral, outer opening of the ear or auditory canal

External auditory meatus

A temporarily unossified area on the surface of the cranium of an infant

Fontanel

A shallow depression

Fossa

A secretory organ or structure that can manufacture a secretion

Gland

A gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions

Heterocrine

The study of tissues

Histology

Beneath; lower; the undersurface of an organ, or a structure below another structure. The opposite of superior

Inferior

Relating to the outer surface of a structure

Integumentary

Within the body; within or on the inside; the opposite of external

Internal

Clusters of cells in the pancreas which produce insulin

Islets of Langerhans (pancreatic islets)

The connection between two bones; an articulation

Joint

Pertaining to the side of the body; away from the median plane

Lateral

Well-defined parts of an organ separated by boundaries

Lobes

The depression in the temporal bone into which the condyle of the mandible fits

Mandibular fossa

A passage or opening through a bone

Meatus

Pertaining to the middle; toward the median plane of the body

Medial

The study of muscles

Myology

Openings of the nose; nostrils

Nares

The partition that divides the nasal cavities

Nasal septum

The study of the nervous system

Neurology

Pertaining to the mouth

Oral

The entrance or outlet of any anatomical structure; an opening

Orifice

Any small bone

Ossicles

Pertaining to, or forming, the wall of a cavity

Parietal

Pertaining to the front of the chest

Pectoral

Located at, or pertaining to, the outer surface of the body or body part; located away from the center

Peripheral

At right angles to another surface

Perpendicular

A number of signifying the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

pH (potential of hydrogen)

An entrance to an organ

Portal

Behind or in back of; refers to the back side of the body or structure; opposite of anterior

Posterior (dorsal)

An anatomic landmark that appears as a blunt projection

Protuberance

Nearest to the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk of the body, the opposite of distal

Proximal

The slightly movable junction of the anterior portion of the os coxae

Pubic symphysis

The smooth muscle around the exit of the stomach into the duodenum

Pyloric sphincter

Referring to the organ system that carries out gas exchange

Respiratory

Pertaining to, or the formation of saliva

Salivary

One of the three pairs of glands that secretes saliva into the mouth

Salivary gland

A wall dividing two cavities

Septum

Blood plasma, excluding the clotting factors; the watery, amber-colored portion of the blood after coagulation occurs

Serum

Bone shaped like a sesame seed, a bone embedded in a tendon

Sesamoid bone

A paranasal cavity within a bone; a dilated channel for venous blood

Sinus

A circular muscle constricting an orifice

Sphincter

Pertaining to or situated near the surface of the body or body part

Superficial

Toward the top of the head; a structure situated above another structure; the opposite of inferior

Superior

Located on the superior portion of the kidney

Suprarenal (adrenal)

Relating to the line of union in an immovable articulation, such as between the cranial bones

Sutural

A joint in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage

Symphysis

A group of organs arranged for the performance of a specific function

System

A covering or layer

Tunic

Pertaining to the secretion or storage of urine

Urinary

Composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, the function of which is to filter wastes from the blood stream

Urinary System

Any one of various membranous structures in a hollow organ or passage that temporarily closes to permit the flow or fluid in one direction only

Valve

Pertaining to or composed of vessels

Vascular

The blood vessels, including arteries, capillaries, and veins, and lymphatics

Vascular system

Located toward the front of the body, anterior

Ventral

A narrow, worm-shaped tube connected to the cecum

Vermiform appendix

Pertaining to the internal organs contained within a cavity

Visceral

Resistance to flow of a liquid

Viscosity

Pertaining to the cheek bone

Zygomatic

Glossary: Anatomy Flashcards

(89 cards)